Preface 5
Acknowledgments 8
About the Author
List of Tables
List of Figures
Syllabus 16
1. The Art of Embedded Computers 27
Overview of Embedded Computers and Their Interdisciplinarity 28
* Computer vs. Embedded Computer Programming and Application Development 28
* Group 1: Programmable Logic Devices 30
* Group 2: Reconfigurable Computers 30
* Group 3: Microcomputers 31
* Group 4: Single-Board Computers 32
* Group5: Mobile Computing Devices 33
TPACK Analysis Toward Teaching and Learning Microcomputers 34
* TPACK Analysis of the Interdisciplinary Microcontroller Technology 34
* Content Knowledge (The What) 35
* Technology Knowledge (The Why) 36
* Pedagogical Knowledge (The How) 38
From Computational Thinking (CT) to Micro-CT ( CT) 40
* CT Requirement and Embedded Computers 40
* Microcomputers and Abstraction Process 41
* The CT Concept: An Onion Learning Framework 43
* "Transparent" Teaching Methods 45
The Impact of Microcontroller Technology on the Maker Industry 48
* Hardware Advancement in C Technology 48
* Software Advancement in C Technology 52
* The Impact of the Arduino on the C community 52
Where Is Creativity in Embedded Computing Devices Hidden? 56
* Creativity in Mobile Computing Devices: Travel Light, Innovate Readily! 56
* Communication with the Outside World: Sensors, Actuators, and Interfaces 58
Conclusion 60
2. Embedded Programming with Arduino 61
Number Representation and Special-Function Codes 62
Arduino and C Common Language Reference 66
Working with Data (Variables, Constants, and Arrays) 68
* Arduino UART Interface to the Outside World (Printing Data) 70
* Arduino Ex.2-1 70
* Arduino Ex.2-2 76
Program Flow of Control (Arithmetic and Bitwise Operations) 79
* Arduino UART Interface (Flow of Control and Arithmetic/Bitwise Examples) 84
* Arduino Ex.2-3 84
* Arduino Ex.2-4 86
* Arduino Ex.2-5 86
* Arduino Ex.2-6 91
* Arduino Ex.2-7 96
Code Decomposition (Functions and Directives) 102
* Arduino Ex.2-8 102
Conclusion 106
* Problem 2-1 (Data Output from the C Device: Datatypes and Bytes Reserved by the hw) 106
* Problem 2-2 (Data Output from the C Device: Logical Operators in Control Flow) 106
* Problem 2-3 (Data Input to the C Device: Arithmetic and Bitwise Operations) 106
* Problem 2-4 (Code Decomposition) 106
3. Hardware Interface with the Outside World 107
Digital Pin Interface 108
* Arduino Ex.3-1 108
* Arduino Ex.3-2 110
* Arduino Ex.3-3 115
* Arduino Ex.3-4 115
* Arduino Ex.3-5 116
Analog Pin Interface 120
* Arduino Ex.3-6 122
* Arduino Ex.3-7 124
Interrupt Pin Interface 127
* Arduino Ex.3-8 127
UART Serial Interface 130
* Arduino Ex.3-9 131
* Arduino Ex.3-10 132
* Arduino Ex.3-11 133
SPI Serial Interface 136
* Arduino Ex.3-12 138
* Arduino Ex.3-13 145
* Arduino Ex.3-14 150
* Arduino Ex.3-15 156
I2C Serial Interface 158
* Arduino Ex.3-16 160
* Arduino Ex.3-17 166
* Arduino Ex.3-18 171
* Arduino Ex.3-19 179
Conclusion 184
* Problem 3-1 (Data Input and Output to/from the C Using Push-Button and LED IO Units) 184
* Problem 3-2 (PWM) 184
* Problem 3-3 (UART, SPI, I2C) 184
4. Sensors and Data Acquisition 185
Environmental Measurements with the Arduino Uno 186
* Arduino Ex.4-1 186
* DAQ Accompanying Software of the Ex.4-1 193
* DAQ Accompanying Software with Graphical Monitoring Feature via gnuplot 202
* Arduino Ex.4-2 206
Orientation, Motion, and Gesture Detection with Teensy 3.2 210
* Arduino Ex.4-3 210
* Arduino Ex.4-4 213
* Arduino Ex.4-5 215
* Arduino Ex.4-6 222
* DAQ Accompanying Software for Orientation, Motion, and Gesture Detection with gnuplot 230
* Real-Time Monitoring with Open GL 233
Distance Detection and 1D Gesture Recognition with TinyZero 239
* Arduino Ex.4-7 240
* Arduino Ex.4-8 244
* DAQ Accompanying Software for Distance Measurements 248
Color Sensing and Wireless Monitoring with Micro:bit 250
* Arduino Ex.4-9 250
* Arduino Ex.4-10 255
* Open GL Example Applying to RGB Sensing 258
* Arduino Ex.4-11 261
Conclusion 266
* Problem 4-1 (Data Acquisition of Atmospheric Pressure) 266
* Problem 4-2 (Fusion of Linear Acceleration and Barometric Altitude) 266
* Problem 4-3 (1D Gesture Recognition) 266
* Problem 4-4 (Color Sensing) 266
5. Tinkering and Prototyping with 3D Printing Technology 267
Tinkering with a Low-Cost RC Car 268
* Arduino Ex.5-1 273
* Arduino Ex5-2 277
A Prototype Interactive Game for Sensory Play 280
* Hardware Boards of the Prototype System 281
* Assembly Process of the 3D Printed Parts of the System's Enclosure 285
* Firmware Code Design and User Instructions 292
* Arduino Ex.5-3 293
* Arduino Ex.5-4 296
* Arduino Ex.5-5 299
* Arduino Ex.5-6 303
3D Printing 306
* Modeling 3D Objects with FreeCAD Software 306
* Preparing the 3D Prints with Ultimaker Cura Software 313
* 3D Printing with Prima Creator P120 317
* Presentation of the Rest 3D Models of the Prototype Interactive Game 323
Prototype B (Modeling the battery.stl Part)
Prototype C (Modeling the booster.stl Part)
Prototype D (Modeling the speaker.stl Part)
Prototype E (Modeling the cover.stl Part)
Prototype F (Modeling the button.stl Part)
Prototype G (Modeling the sensor.stl.Part)
Prototype H (Modeling the sensor.stl Part)
Conclusion 341
* Problem 5-1 (Tinkering with a Low-Cost RC Car) 341
* Problem 5-2 (A Prototype Interactive Game for Sensory Play) 341
* Problem 5-3 (A Prototype Interactive Game for Sensory Play) 341
* Problem 5-4 (A Prototype Interactive Game for Sensory Play) 341
* Problem 5-5 (3D Printing) 341
References 347
Appendix: List of Abbreviations 343
