1. Introduction.- 2. Forms of Violence.- 3. Occurence, frequency, and consequences of violence.- 4 Why does the tendency to violence belong to human characteristics?.- 5. heritability of aggressive behavior.- 6 Neurobiology of violence.- 7. brain structure and brain dysfunction of violent offenders.- 8 Significance of hormones and neurotransmitters of the brain.- 9. gender difference of the tendency to violence.- 10. mental disorders and propensity to violence.- 11. Alcohol, drugs, and violence.- 12. Psychology of violence.-13. Violence as an end in itself and for pleasure.- 14 Social causes of violence.- 15 Violence in children and adolescents - early risk factors.- 16 Amok and school shooting.- 17. Terror.- 18 Collective violence, xenophobia, pogroms, genocide.-19 Sexual violence.- 20 Religion and violence.- 21. conclusions for the prediction and prevention of violence.