Note: Each chapter begins with an introduction and ends with a Conclusion. I. Introduction 1. A Political Economy Approach to Public Policy Analysis Political Economy Approach Major League Sports Example II. Democracy and Governance 2. Democratic Governance and Public Policy Democratic Theory: Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Rawls Delimiting the Public What Is Government? Democratic Governance 3. Forms of Democracy and Implications for Public Policy Direct Democracy Arrow's Possibility Theorem The Role of Institutions Representative Democracy Principals and Agents Prominent Minorities III. Collective Action and Democratic Governance 4. The Problem of Collective Action Individual Foundations of Collective Action The Logic of Collective Action Generic Solutions to Collective Action Problems Institutions for Solving Collective Action Problems 5. Government and Collective Action Problems Government and the Collective Action Problem Government Structure: What Are the Alternatives? 6. The Market as a Collective Action Mechanism Market Institutions Hobbes and Property Rights Smith and Property Rights The Breadth and Complexity of Property Rights 7. Limitations of the Market A Typology of Market Failures: The Nature of the Good The Physical Nature of Goods Monopolies and Oligopolies: When Markets Are Not Competitive Incomplete Information and Transactions Costs Unacceptability of Individual Preferences Useful Versus Inappropriate Discrimination IV. Public Policy in America 8. Policy Analysis in the American Political Context The Ascendancy of the National Government Policy Implementation in a Top-Down Federal System Policy Instruments in a Top-Down Federal System Growth in Polycentricity Top-Down Versus Bottom-Up Approaches to Problem Solving 9. Politics and Policy Choice Policy Benefits and Costs: The Lowi Typology Government Coercion Political Advocacy and Policy Choice Typology of Policies Based on Coerciveness 10. Bureaucracy Bureaucracy: A Mental Exercise Why Is Bureaucracy a Hallmark of Modern Societies? The Tasks of Bureaucracy Public Bureaucracies 11. Analyzing Proposed Policies Ex Ante Analysis Cost-Benefit Analysis Politics and Cost-Benefit Analysis 12. Evaluating Existing Policies Summative Versus Formative Studies Analysis of Subobjectives Types of Policy Impact Studies "Sideways" Analysis V. Conclusion 13. Reform of Public Policy Critical Institutions
