Part 1 Overview: cultural studies - two paradigms, Stuart Hall. Part 2 Culturalist approaches: the analysis of culture, Raymond Williams; sub-cultures, cultures and class, John Clarke et al; class and institutional form of counter-school culture, Paul Willis; settling accounts with sub-cultures - a feminist critique, Angela McRobbie. Part 3 Structuralist approaches: semiology - the Saussurian legacy, Jonathan Culler; the study of ideologies and philosophy of language, V.N.Volosinov; structuralism and the subject - a critique, R.Coward and J.Ellis; introduction to the structural analysis of narratives, Roland Barthes. Part 4 Class, culture and hegemony: Antonio Gramsci - culture, hegemony, ideology, popular beliefs and common sense, the intellectuals, the State; hegemony and ideology in Gramsci, Chantal Mouffe; bourgeois hegemony in Victorian Britain, Robert Gray; education, ideology and literature, Tony Davies. Part 5 Debates with Marxism: culture, leisure, society - the pluralist scenario, Kenneth Roberts; power and photography, a means of surveillance - the photograph as evidence in law, John Tagg.