The Norwegian Labour Party, Knut Heidar; the British Labour Party, Eric Shaw; the German Social Democratic Party, Stephen Padgett; the Spanish Socialist Party, Richard Gillespie; the French Socialist Party, David Bell and Byron Criddle; the Italian Democratic Party of the Left and the Italian Socialist Party, Martin Bull; the Dutch Labour Party, Philip van Praag; the Swedish Social Democratic Party, David Arter; conflict and cohesion in social democracy - a theoretical and comparative overview, David Hine; conclusion.
