Legumes and Oilseed Crops I

Section I Wide Hybridization, Transformation, Cryopreservation.- I.1 Wide Hybridization in Legumes and Oilseed Crops Through Embryo, Ovule, and Ovary Culture.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Incompatibility Problems and in Vitro Culture.- 3 Wide Hybridization.- 4 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- I.2 Transformation in Legumes.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Targets for Transformation.- 3 Approaches for Transformation.- 4 Concluding Comments.- References.- I.3 Cryopreservation of Germplasm of Legumes and Oilseed Crops.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Cryopreservation of Cultures.- 3 Germplasm Banks.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- Section II Food Legumes.- II. 1 Pea (Pisum sativum L.).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approach.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocols.- References.- II.2 Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture.- 3 Conclusions.- References.- II.3 Soybean: Plant Regeneration and Somaclonal Variation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 History of Soybean Tissue Culture.- 3 Establishment of Cultures.- 4 Somaclonal Variation.- 5 Concluding Remarks.- 6 Protocol for Soybean Plant Regeneration Through Embryogenesis or Organogenesis.- References.- II.4 Soybean: Wide Hybridization Through Embryo Culture.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Genus Glycine.- 3 Hybridization Between the Subgenera.- 4 Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- II.5 Soybean: Isolation, Culture, and Fusion of Protoplasts.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Isolation of Protoplasts.- 3 Methods of Culturing Glycine Protoplasts.- 4 Behaviour of Isolated Protoplasts in Culture.- 5 Regeneration of Plants from Protoplasts of Wild Glycine Species.- 6 Fusion of Protoplasts.- 7 Flow Cytometry.- 8 Conclusion and Prospects.- 9 Protocol for the Isolation, Culture, and Electrofusion of Glycine Protoplasts.- References.- II.6 Winged Bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) D.C.].- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- Section III Forage Legumes.- III.1 Alfalfa, Lucerne (Medicago spp.).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Isolation and Culture of Protoplasts.- 4 Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration.- 5 Genetic Stability and Somaclonal Variation.- 6 Anther Culture.- 7 Ovule-Embryo and Pod Culture.- 8 Transformation.- 9 Cryopreservation.- 10 Summary and Prospects.- References.- III.2 Clovers (Trifolium spp.).- 1 Introduction.- 2 Factors Important for Initiation of Cultures.- 3 Shoot Meristem Cultures.- 4 Embryo Culture and in Vitro Fertilization.- 5 Callus, Cell, and Protoplast Culture.- 6 Anther Culture and Haploid Production.- 7 Transformation.- 8 Conclusion.- References.- III.3 Lupins (Lupinus spp.).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- III.4 Cell and Tissue Culture of Stylosanthes spp..- 1 Introduction.- 2 Cell and Tissue Culture.- 3 Selected Methods for S. guianensis.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- III.5 Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- III.6 Crownvetch (Coronilla varia L.).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- 4 Protocol.- References.- III.7 Goat's Rue (Galega officinalis L.).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Studies.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- Section IV Oilseed Crops.- IV. 1 Interspecific Hybridization in Brassica Through Ovary Culture.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Need for Ovary Culture.- 3 Method of Ovary Culture.- 4 Hybrid Plants and Their Progenies.- 5 Conclusion.- References.- IV.2 Regeneration of Plants from Protoplasts of Oilseed Brassica Crops.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Protoplast Isolation.- 3 Culture of Protoplasts.- 4 Regeneration of Plants.- 5 Protoplast Fusion and Selection of Hybrids.- 6 Miscellaneous Studies.- 7 Protocol for Isolation, Culture, Regeneration, and Fusion.- References.- IV.3 Cybrids in Oilseed Brassica Crops Through Protoplast Fusion.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Genetic Constitution of Cybrids Obtained Through Protoplast Fusion.- 3 Importance of Cytoplasm in Brassica and the Production of Male-Sterile Lines.- 4 Protoplast Isolation, Fusion, and Culture Until Plant Regeneration and Cybrid Selection.- 5 Molecular Characterization of Organelle Genomes of Cybrids.- 6 Agronomical Value of Cybrids.- 7 Conclusion.- References.- IV.4 Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): Establishment of Cultures, Transformation, and the Regeneration of Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Transformation and Genetic Engineering.- 4 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- IV.5 Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): In Vitro Interspecific Hybridization.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Interspecific Hybridization Between Cultivated Sunflower and Some Wild Species.- 3 Conclusions.- 4 Protocol for Embryo Culture.- References.- IV.6 In Vitro Production of Haploids in Helianthus.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Anther Culture.- 3 Ovary and Ovule Culture for the Induction of Haploids.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- IV.7 Sunflower (Helianthus spp.): Anther Culture and Field Studies on Haploids.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Androgenesis in Wild Species and Interspecific Hybrids of Helianthus.- 3 Androgenesis in the Cultivated Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L..- 4 Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- 6 Conditions for Culture.- References.- IV.8 Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.): In Vitro Studies.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- IV.9 Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.): Embryo Culture Studies.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Growth of Flax Embryos Under in Vitro Conditions.- 3 Flax Embryo Cultures Serve to Proliferate Plant Material.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- IV. 10 Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.): Micropropagation.- 1 Coconut as an Oilseed Crop.- 2 Conventional Propagation.- 3 Micropropagation.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- IV. 11 Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.): Anther Culture.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Ontogeny of Coconut Pollen.- 3 Androgenesis in Coconut.- 4 Problems and Prospects.- References.- IV. 12 Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.): Tissue Culture and Micropropagation.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Approaches.- 3 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- IV. 13 Olive (Olea europaea L.) as an Oilseed Crop.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Chemical Composition of Olive Oil.- 3 In Vitro Approaches.- 4 Conclusions and Perspectives.- References.- Section V Miscellaneous.- V.1 Indigofera spp..- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Studies.- 3 Summary and Conclusions.- 4 Protocol.- References.- V.2 Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture Studies.- 3 Protocols.- 4 Summary and Prospects.- References.