Introduction; Part I. Theoretical Models of Emotion: 1. Theories of emotion for human affective neuroscience David Sander; 2. The emotional brain: a network perspective and the processing of fear Luiz Pessoa; Part II. Measuring Emotional Processes: 3. Neuropsychology and lesion models Elisa Ciaramelli and Giuseppe di Pellegrino; 4. Peripheral physiological measures of emotion Sylvia D. Kreibig; 5. Functional MRI: principles and applications in affective neuroscience Jorge Armony, Joana Leitao and Corrado Corradi-Dell'Acqua; 6. Mapping the human emotion circuits with positron emission tomography Lauri Nummenmaa and Jussi Hirvonen; 7. Electro- and magnetoencephalography Richard T. Ward, Christian Panitz and Andreas Keil; 8. The study of emotion in other animals: a primer for humans Stoyo Karamihalev and Nadine Gogolla; Part III. Emotion Perception and Elicitation: 9. The perception of facial expressions of emotion Helen Rodger and Roberto Caldara; 10. Body of knowledge: the emerging science of emotional body expressions Maya Lecker and Hillel Aviezer; 11. A lifespan perspective of emotion in voice perception Ana P. Pinheiro and Sonja A. Kotz; 12. Pain in the brain Jae-Joong Lee and Choong-Wan Woo; 13. Olfaction and emotion Agnieszka Sabiniewicz, Pengfei Han, Antje Haehner, Yling Mai, Divesh Thaploo, Martin Witt and Thomas Hummel; 14. Music, emotion, and reward Psyche Loui and Jinyu Wang; 15. Language and emotion concepts in the predictive brain Natalie G. Frye and Kristen A. Lindquist; Part IV. Emotional Learning and Memory: 16. Conditioned fear learning Kevin S. LaBar; 17. Reward learning in a social world Casey M. Nicastri, Jordan M. Siegel, Dominic S. Fareri and Mauricio R. Delgado; 18. Episodic emotional memory Elizabeth A. Kensinger, Sandry M. Garcia and R. Gerald Monkman; Part V. Cognition-Emotion Interactions: 19. Affective biases in attention, cognitive control, and awareness Judith Dominguez-Borras, Alexia Bourgeois and Patrik Vuilleumier; 20. How emotional expressions motivate action Rocco Mennella and Julie Grezes; 21. From perception to action: understanding evolution of survival decisions in humans and other species Dean Mobbs, Ketika Garg and Sarah M. Tashjian; 22. Neural mechanisms of arbitration between multiple experts in value-based decision-making Cooper Grossman and John P. O'Doherty; 23. The affective neuroscience of emotion regulation: insights from two decades of research Nils Kohn and Carmen Morawetz; Part VI. Social Emotions: 24. Empathy and compassion Hannah Matthaeus and Tania Singer; 25. Moral emotions Roland Zahn, Ricardo de Oliveira-Souza and Jorge Moll; 26. Neural evidence for cultural variation in emotion Elizabeth Blevins and Jeanne Tsai; 27. Neurodevelopment of emotional processes in adolescent social contexts Michelle Shipkova, Junqiang Dai, Kristen A. Lindquist and Eva H. Telzer; Part VII. Individual Differences: 28. Affective neuroscience of aging: an interplay of organic brain changes and shifting goals Natalie C. Ebner, Nichole R. Lighthall, and Dalia El-Shafie; 29. The affective neuroscience of post-traumatic stress disorder Jennifer Strafford Stevens; 30. Emotion and affective disorders Philippe Fossati, Jean-Yves Rotge, Zeynep Yoldas, Willys Cantenys, Alice Guesdon, Hugo Bottemanne and Liane Schmidt; 31. Preclinical models of emotional dysregulations in animals Thibault P. Bittar, Joeri Bordes, Celine Nicolas, Gwendolyn G. Calhoon and Anna Beyeler.