Customizing Materials Management Processes in SAP ERP

... Acknowledgments ... 19

... Preface ... 21

1 ... Introduction ... 25
... 1.1 ... Overview of SAP ERP ... 25
... 1.2 ... Overview of Materials Management ... 29
... 1.3 ... SAP System Environment: Development, Quality, and Production Clients ... 30
... 1.4 ... SAP Enhancement Packages ... 36
... 1.5 ... SAP Add-Ons and SAP Preconfigured Systems ... 38
... 1.6 ... Summary ... 39

2 ... The SAP Organizational Structure ... 41
... 2.1 ... Introduction to Organizational Structures ... 41
... 2.2 ... Business Scenarios and Organizational Structure ... 45
... 2.3 ... Setting Up Organizational Structures in an SAP System ... 49
... 2.4 ... Summary ... 62

3 ... Master Data ... 63
... 3.1 ... Vendor Master Records ... 64
... 3.2 ... Material Master Records ... 78
... 3.3 ... Purchasing Info Records ... 90
... 3.4 ... Source List ... 96
... 3.5 ... Quota Arrangement ... 98
... 3.6 ... Catalogs in SAP ERP ... 105
... 3.7 ... Summary ... 106

4 ... Procurement Processes ... 107
... 4.1 ... Item Category ... 108
... 4.2 ... Procure to Pay ... 110
... 4.3 ... Direct Material Procurement ... 117
... 4.4 ... Indirect Material Procurement ... 119
... 4.5 ... Blanket Purchase Orders for Consumable Materials ... 127
... 4.6 ... Service Procurement ... 130
... 4.7 ... Consignment Procurement ... 141
... 4.8 ... Subcontract Procurement ... 147
... 4.9 ... Third-Party Procurement ... 163
... 4.10 ... Outline Agreements ... 166
... 4.11 ... Stock Transfer ... 178
... 4.12 ... Intercompany Purchases ... 184
... 4.13 ... Summary ... 191

5 ... Inventory Management Processes ... 193
... 5.1 ... Movement Types ... 195
... 5.2 ... Unit of Measurement for Goods Movement ... 199
... 5.3 ... Inbound and Outbound Processes ... 202
... 5.4 ... Stock Types in Inventory Management ... 212
... 5.5 ... Physical Inventory Management Processes ... 220
... 5.6 ... Vendor Return Process ... 227
... 5.7 ... Cancellation of Material Document ... 234
... 5.8 ... Summary ... 236

6 ... Invoice Verification ... 237
... 6.1 ... Basics of Invoice Verification ... 239
... 6.2 ... PO-Based Invoice Verification ... 242
... 6.3 ... GR-Based Invoice Verification ... 242
... 6.4 ... Invoices for Account-Assigned Purchase Orders ... 243
... 6.5 ... Invoices for Blanket Purchase Orders ... 246
... 6.6 ... Evaluated Receipt Settlements ... 247
... 6.7 ... Invoicing Plans ... 252
... 6.8 ... Subsequent Debit/Credit ... 259
... 6.9 ... Credit Memos and Reversals ... 262
... 6.10 ... Invoice Verification in Background Processing ... 264
... 6.11 ... Invoice Reductions ... 267
... 6.12 ... Invoices with Variances ... 272
... 6.13 ... Taxes in Invoice Verification ... 276
... 6.14 ... Discounts in Invoice Verification ... 278
... 6.15 ... Invoice Blocking ... 282
... 6.16 ... GR/IR Account Maintenance ... 293
... 6.17 ... Duplicate Invoice Check ... 295
... 6.18 ... Invoices for POs with Down Payments ... 296
... 6.19 ... Invoices for POs with Retention Money ... 305
... 6.20 ... Summary ... 312

7 ... Inventory Valuation ... 313
... 7.1 ... Financial Accounting and Controlling Overview ... 313
... 7.2 ... Valuation Area ... 316
... 7.3 ... Valuation Methods: Moving Average Price and Standard Price ... 318
... 7.4 ... Material Price Changes ... 323
... 7.5 ... Split Valuation ... 329
... 7.6 ... Summary ... 338

8 ... Key Configurations in Materials Management in SAP ... 339
... 8.1 ... Release Strategy ... 340
... 8.2 ... Pricing Procedure ... 357
... 8.3 ... Automatic Account Determination ... 368
... 8.4 ... Document Type ... 379
... 8.5 ... Version Management ... 383
... 8.6 ... Message Determination ... 389
... 8.7 ... Serial Numbers in Purchasing ... 398
... 8.8 ... Public Templates in Purchase Orders and Requisitions ... 405
... 8.9 ... Blocking and Unblocking Purchase Orders ... 408
... 8.10 ... Summary ... 410

9 ... Material Classification ... 411
... 9.1 ... Introduction to Material Classification ... 411
... 9.2 ... Key Terms of the Classification System ... 414
... 9.3 ... Configuration Steps ... 415
... 9.4 ... Summary ... 420

10 ... Batch Management ... 421
... 10.1 ... Master Data in Batch Management ... 423
... 10.2 ... Process Steps ... 428
... 10.3 ... Configuration Steps ... 438
... 10.4 ... Summary ... 451

11 ... Material Requirements Planning ... 453
... 11.1 ... Introduction to MRP ... 454
... 11.2 ... Planning Procedures in MRP ... 456
... 11.3 ... Prerequisites ... 457
... 11.4 ... Planning Levels (MRP Areas) ... 465
... 11.5 ... Planning Procedures in Consumption-Based Planning ... 467
... 11.6 ... Planning Run ... 483
... 11.7 ... Planning Evaluations ... 488
... 11.8 ... Summary ... 493

12 ... Enhancements in Materials Management ... 495
... 12.1 ... System Architecture ... 495
... 12.2 ... Introduction to Development Objects ... 497
... 12.3 ... Reports ... 498
... 12.4 ... Interface ... 503
... 12.5 ... Conversion ... 512
... 12.6 ... Enhancements ... 514
... 12.7 ... Forms ... 516
... 12.8 ... Workflow ... 518
... 12.9 ... Summary ... 519

13 ... Conclusion ... 521

... Appendices ... 525
... A ... Important Transaction Codes ... 527
... B ... Important Tables ... 535
... C ... BAdIs ... 537
... D ... The Author ... 541

... Index ... 543