Manipulation of Stem Cells for Disease Benefits

Name: Manipulation of Stem Cells for Disease Benefits
Brand: Nova Science Publishers Inc
Price: 281.99 EUR
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S. Mason Travis(Herausgeber*in)

Nova Science Publishers Inc

Erschienen am 12. April 2019

339 Seiten

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978-1-5361-5469-6 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Intro
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
The Effect of Pyrazole 3 Treatment on the Generation of Intracellular Ca2+ Transients and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, as Well as the Survival and Neural Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Abstract
Introduction
Results
Pyr3 Increased [Ca2+]i in mESCs in a Dose-Dependent Manner
Pyr3 Increased [Ca2+]i by Stimulating an Influx of Ca2+ across the Plasma Membrane as well as a Release of Ca2+ from the ER via IP3Rs
Pyr3 Increased [Ca2+]i in TRPC3 KO mESCs
(S)-(-)-Bay K 8644-Induced an Increase in [Ca2+]i in CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated TRPC3 KO mESCs
Pyr3 Induced Apoptosis and a Disruption of the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (??m) in Undifferentiated mESCs
Pyr3 also Induced Cell Death and a Disruption of ??m during the Neural Differentiation of mESCs
Pyr3 Repressed the Early Differentiation of mESCs into Neural Progenitors but had Little Effect on the Later Differentiation of Progenitors into Neurons
Discussion
Materials and Methods
Cell Culture
Ca2+ Measurements
TRPC3 Knock-Out with CRISPR/Cas9
MTT Assay (for Assessing the Metabolic Activity of Cells)
Propidium Iodide (PI) Analysis
Flow Cytometry Analysis of Sox1-GFP Expression, Cell Viability, and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (??m)
Cell Death
??m
Live Cell Imaging
Western Blot Analysis
RNA Isolation and Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR)
Statistical Analysis
Acknowledgments
Supplemental Information
Materials and Methods
Alkaline Phosphatase (AP) Staining
References
Chapter 2
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Basics, Classification, and Clinical Applications
Abstract
Introduction
Classification of MSCs Based on Source
Bone-Marrow-Derived MSCs
Adipose-Derived MSCs
Cord-Blood-Derived MSCs
Wharton's-Jelly-Derived MSCs
Placental-Derived MSCs
Amniotic-Fluid-Derived MSCs
Synovial MSCs
Dental-Pulp-Derived MSCs
Peripheral-Blood-Derived MSCs (PB-MSCs)
MSCs Derived from Embryonic Stem Cells
MSCs Derived from Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) Fluid, Atrium Tissue from Heart, Spleen Tissue and Perirenal Fat Tissue
Classification of MSCs Based on Immune Response
Classification of MSCs Based on Shape and Size
Large Scale Production of MSCs
Based on the Size of the Production Batch, the Production System Is Classified
Lab Scale
Pilot Scale
Large Scale
Based on the Type of Culture System, the Production System Is Classified
2D Surface Based Systems
3D Suspension
Microcarrier in Stirred Tank Bioreactors (Microcarrier Beads)
Single Cell Suspension in Stirred Tank Bioreactor
Hollow Fiber Bioreactor
3D Scaffold-Based Technology
Packed-Bed Bioreactor (Nonwoven Microfibers)
Potential Clinical Applications of MSCs in Regenerative Medicine
MSCs Infusion for the Treatment of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease
MSCs for Cardiovascular Repair
MSCs to Treat Liver Diseases
Potential of MSCs to Treat Neurodegenerative Diseases
MSCs to Treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Therapeutic Potential of MSCs in the Treatment of Critical Limb Ischemia
MSCs to Treat Osteoarthritis
Overview of Cell Therapy Products
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 3
Comparison of Cancer Cell Tropism of Various Mesenchymal Stem Cell Types
Abstract
Introduction
Cytokines and Factors Affecting Tropism
Material and Methods
Isolation of MSCs
MSCs from Umbilical Cord Tissue
MSCs from Placenta
MSCs from Amniotic Sac
Mixing and Co-Culturing MSCs from Three Perinatal Tissues
MSCs from Adipose Tissue
Isolation of MSC1
Characterization of MSCs Using Flow Cytometry
Cancer Cells
Cancer Cell -'Condition Media' Preparation
Transwell Migration Assay
Evaluation of Migration Activity
Statistical Analysis
Results
Morphological Characteristics of MSCs
Characterization of MSCs Using Flow Cytometry
Morphological Characteristics of Cancer Cells (A549 and PC-3)
In Vitro Transwell Migration Assay
Discussion
Acknowledgments
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 4
The Effect of 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone (PCL) Scaffold with Different Surface Coatings on the Immunogenicity of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHED)
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Isolation and Culture of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHED)
3D Printing of PCL Scaffold
Surface Coating of PCL Scaffolds
Seeding of SHED on the Scaffold
Detection of Cell Surface Markers of Immunogenicity Using Flow Cytometry
Statistical Analysis
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 5
Role of Glutathione in Balancing Total Antioxidant Status and Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species during Hepatic Differentiation of Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Abstract
Abbreviations
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Isolation, Characterization, and Culture of Human Bone-Marrow-Derived MSCs
Differentiation of MSCs into Hepatocyte-Like Cells
Characterization of Hepatocytes Derived from MSCs
Treatment of the Cells with BSO and NAC
Effects of BSO and NAC on Cell Proliferation (Brdu Assay)
Results
Effects of BSO and NAC on Cell Proliferation Following Hepatogenic Differentiation
Effects of NAC and BSO on GSH, GPX and GR during Hepatogenic Differentiation of MSCs
Alterations in Cellular ROS Levels during MSCs Differentiation into Hepatocytes
Influence of BSO and NAC Treatments on Antioxidant Activity of MSCs during Differentiation
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 6
The Interplay between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and MicroRNA-133 in Type 1 Diabetic Rats
Abstract
Introduction
Objectives
Materials and Methods
Animals
Induction of Diabetes
Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BM-MSCs)
Experiment Protocol
Assessment of Cardiovascular System
Biochemical Analyses
Histo-Pathological Examination
RNA Isolation from Pancreas and Heart Tissue Samples
Quantitative qRT-PCR for miRNA-133a Expression
Statistical Analysis
Results
Body Weight, Blood Glucose, and Insulin
Cardiovascular Parameters
Analysis of MicroRNA-133a Expression in Pancreatic and Cardiac Tissues
Histological Examination
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 7
Effective Endodermal Induction via Vitronectin-Coated Feeder-Free Culture
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Cell Culture
2.2. Quantitative RT-PCR (q RT-PCR)
2.3. hPSC Scorecard Assay
2.4. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Generation of IPSCs-Derived Endoderm
3.2. Differentiated Cells Demonstrate Endoderm Lineage Characteristics
3.3. VN-Coated Culture Promotes Endodermal Differentiation
3.4. Induction of Pancreatic Progenitors
3.5. Effective Induction of PDX1 via VN Culture
3.6. Pancreatic Markers Demonstrate Expression Levels Relative to Adult Human Islet Expression
4. Discussion
Acknowledgments
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 8
Gene-Tracking of In Vitro Differentiation Capabilities of Adult Mouse Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Isolation and Culture of Primary Cells
Glutamate Dose Response Curve
Attachment, Treatment and Differentiation Experiments
RNA Isolation, cDNA Synthesis, and Reverse Transcription Quantitative PCR (QPCR)
Data Analysis
Results
NSPCs Development in the Presence of Glutamate, FPN, and FBS
Effect of Attachment on NSPCs Expression Profile
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 9
Comparing the Stemness Properties of Dental Pulp Cells (DPSCs), Collected, Processed, and Cryopreserved under Different Conditions
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Extraction and Preservation of Teeth
Cell Isolation and Culture
Viability and Morphological Assessment
Flow Cytometric Analysis
Proliferation Assay
Cell Migration Assay
Assessment of Viability of Cells Cryopreserved under Different Conditions
Statistical Analysis
Results
Effect of Different Transportation/Isolation Conditions on Morphology and Viability of DPSCs
Effect of Different Transportation/Isolation Conditions on the Expression of Stem Cell Markers
Effect of Different Transportation/Isolation Conditions on DPSCs Proliferation Rate
Effect of Different Transportation/Isolation Conditions on DPSCs Migration Capability
Effect of Different Cryopreservation Media /Method on DPSC Viability
Discussion
Conclusion
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 10
Safe and Accelerated Expansion of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Cultured in Platelet-Rich-Plasma-Supplemented Media
Abstract
Introduction
Material and Methods
Sample Collection
Isolation and Culture of DPSCs
Flow Cytometry Analysis for Identification and Characterization of Isolated DPSCs
PRP Preparation and Grouping of DPSCs
Assessing Proliferation Capacity of DPSCs via MTT Assay
Real-Time Quantitative PCR Analysis
DNA Sequencing
Statistical Analysis
Results
Isolation and Characterization of DPSCs via Flow Cytometry
Assessment of Proliferation by MTT Assay
Molecular Assessment of OCT4 and INTEGRIN1 Gene Expression by Real-Time Quantitative PCR
DNA Sequencing
Discussion
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 11
What Can I Do When Ruger Is Limping?
Abstract
Background
Modern Life Influenced Health
Stem Cell Therapy for Dogs
Caring for a Dog with Joint Disease
Conclusion
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 12
Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Improve the Formalin Tonic Pain and Feeding Behavior in the Complete Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
Abstract
Introduction
Methods
Isolation and Characterization of Rat BMSC Cells
Spinal Cord Injury and BMSC Cells Transplantation
Formalin Tonic Pain
Feeding Behavior
5-HT and Dopamine (DA) Estimations in Different Brain Regions
Spinal Cord Histological Analysis
Statistical Analysis
Results
Formalin Tonic Pain
Feeding Behavior
Food Intake (FI)
Water Intake (WI)
Body Weight
5-HT and DA Estimations in Different Brain Regions
Spinal Cord Histological Analysis
Discussion
Acknowledgments
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 13
Peripheral Blood Mononucleocytes: An Efficient and Reliable Source of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Isolation and Culture of Blood MNCs of PBMNCs
2.2. Generation of iPSCs from PMNCs with Episomal Vectors
2.3. Confirmation of Pluripotency of Reprogrammed PMNCs
2.3.1. Early Identification of iPSC by Alkaline Phosphatase Staining
2.4. Quantitative RT-PCR
2.5. Immunohistochemistry
3. Results
3.1. Successful Generation of iPSCs from PBMNCs
3.2. iPSCs Derived from PBMNCs Demonstrate Positive Alkaline Phosphatase Staining
3.3. iPSCs Derived from PBMNCs Demonstrate Characteristics of Pluripotent Stem Cells
4. Discussion
Acknowledgments
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 14
Impact of Yoga on Blood Glucose Level among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multicentre Controlled Trial
Abstract
Introduction
Methodology
Study Participants
Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
Ethical Consideration
Assessments
Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) Level
Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS) Level
Intervention
Data Analysis
Blinding
Results
Within Group Changes
Between Group
Discussion
Conflict of Interest
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 15
Yoga in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Introduction
Yoga and Blood Glucose Control
Yoga and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in T2DM
Dyslipedemia
Yoga and Atherosclerosis
Improves Nerve Conduction
Improves Cognitive Functions
Yoga and Mental Health in T2DM
Autonomic Dysfunction
Conclusion
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 16
Improvement in Biochemical and Psychopathologies in Women Having PCOS through Yoga Combined with Herbal Detoxification
Abstract
Introduction
Methodology
Study Participants
Recruitments
Ethics and Informed Consent
Outcome Measures
Blinding and Masking
Assessments
Endocrine Variables
Intervention
Ayurveda Herbal Treatment (Table 1)
Statistical Analysis
Results
Marital Status
Education Level
Occupation
History of PCOS
Outcome Variables (Table 8)
Within Group Comparison
Between Group Comparison
Discussion
Mechanism
Strengths of the Study
Limitations of the Study
Conclusion
References
Chapter 17
Effect of Integrated Yoga as an Add-On to Physiotherapy on Walking Index, ESR, Pain, and Spasticity among Subjects with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Control Study
Abstract
Introduction
Methodology
Study Participants
Sample Size
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Screening Tool
Ethical Considerations
Design of the Study
Randomisation
Objective Assessment Tools
Walking Index for SCIII (WISCIII)
American Spinal Injury Assessment (ASIA) Motor and Sensory Scores
Modified Ashworth Scale to Measure Spasticity
Anthropometry: Body Mass Index (BMI)
Bio-Markers
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Assessments
Subjective Assessment Tools
Multidimensional Pain Inventory (Spinal Cord Injury Version) - MPI-SCI
Intervention
PT Intervention for Both Groups
Add-On for Group YPT: For One Month, IAYT with Physiotherapy
Data Analysis
Results
Within-Group Comparisons
Between-Group Comparisons
Discussion
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) and Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI)
Scope and Limitations of the Study
Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
Acknowledgments
Ethical Compliance
References
Chapter 18
Integrating Yoga in Rehabilitation of Spinal Cord Injury to Improve Benefits of Stem Cell Therapies
Abstract
Introduction
Spinal Cord Injury Pathophysiology
Current Therapeutic Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury
Surgical Decompression
Therapeutic Hypothermia
Pharmacotherapy
Barriers in Neuronal Regeneration/Functional Recovery in SCI
Inflammation
Secondary Infections
Chronic Pain Syndrome
Respiratory Failure and Fatigue
Yoga as a Therapeutic Tool
Rehabilitation of SCI Patients: Potential of Yoga
Iyengar Yoga for SCI Patients
Integrated Yoga for Traumatic SCI Patients
Effect of Yoga on Neurotrophins and Neurotransmitters
Stem Cell Therapy
Barriers in Stem Cell Therapy for SCI
Immune Response
Reduced Angiogenesis
Reduced Neurogenesis
Decreased Level of Growth Factors
Neuroplasticity
Conclusion
References
Index
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