Notations and Symbols

{gas} pure, {{gas}} in a mixture, (liquid) pure, ((liquid)) in solution, solid pure, solid in solution

A: area of a surface or an interface. : Hamaker constant between two media 1 and 2. : affinity. : electrochemical affinity. AM: molar area. Am: molecular area. a: cohesion pressure of a gas or radius of the unit cell of a liquid. A, B, .: components of a mixture. amix and bmix: mixing terms of the constants in a state equation. B'i: ith coefficient of the virial in the pressure expansion. Bi: ith coefficient of the virial. b: covolume of a gas or cosurface of an adsorbed gas. C: concentration or concentration in a potential-pH plot. : molar heat capacity of excess at constant pressure. Ci: molar concentration (or molarity) of component i. C±: mean concentration of ions in an ionic solution. CV(el): contribution of free electrons in a metal to the molar heat capacity. Cv(r): contribution of rotational motions to the heat capacity at constant volume. Cv(t): contribution of translational motions to the heat capacity at constant volume. Cv(v): contribution of vibrational motions to the heat capacity at constant volume. CV, CP: heat capacity at constant volume and constant pressure, respectively. c: capacity of a capacitor or number of independent components. D: dielectric constant of the medium or diameter of protection or contact of a molecule. D(T/ØD): Debye's function. d: distance between two liquid molecules. deS: entropy exchange with the outside environment. di: degree of oxidation i of an element A. diS: internal entropy production. d?: elementary volume. E: energy of the system. E: Young's modulus. E(T/ØE): Einstein's function. E0: internal energy associated with a reaction at a temperature of 0K. E0: standard electrical potential or standard electromotive force (emf) of an electrochemical cell. Eabs: reversible emf of an electrochemical cell. Eb: balance equation. E: mean total energy of an element in the canonical ensemble. EC: total energy of the canonical ensemble. EI: potential energy due to interactions. Ej: energy of an element j of the canonical ensemble. Ekin: molar kinetic energy of electrons in a metal. Ep: set of variables with p intensive variables chosen to define a system. e: relative emf of an electrode. e0: standard emf of an electrode. e0: equi-activity- or equiconcentration emf of an electrode. eabs: absolute emf of an electrode. F: Helmholtz energy. : molar excess Helmholtz energy. : partial molar excess Helmholtz energy of the component i. : partial molar mixing Helmholtz energy of the component i. : free energy, partial molar Helmholtz energy of the component i. Fel: contribution of free electrons to the molar Helmholtz energy. : electrochemical Helmholtz energy. Fm: molar Helmholtz energy. : faraday. fhet: heterogeneous wetting function. fi: fugacity of the component i in a gaseous mixture. : molar Helmholtz energy of pure component i. fo or : fugacity of a pure gas i. : excess Gibbs energy. : electrocapillary Gibbs energy. : electrochemical Gibbs energy. : partial excess molar Gibbs energy of component i. G, , [G]: free enthalpy, partial molar free enthalpy of i, generalized free enthalpy. Gm: molar Gibbs energy. : molar Gibbs energy of mixing. g: osmotic coefficient or acceleration due to gravity or degeneration coefficient or multiplicity or statistical mass. : molar Gibbs energy of pure component i. ga: statistical weight of fundamental electron level of nucleus a. gi: coefficient of multiplicity of state i. g(e): statistical weight of electron levels. g(r): radial distribution function. g(vx): distribution of velocity components along Ox axis. g*: molar Gibbs energy of gas i at pressure of 1 atmosphere in a mixture. : standard molar enthalpy of formation at temperature T. H, : enthalpy, partial molar enthalpy of i. H: Hamiltonian. Hi,: integral of resonance between two neighboring identical atoms. Hi,i: Coulombian integral between two neighboring identical atoms. : magnetic field. : electrochemical enthalpy. : molar excess enthalpy. : molar mixing enthalpy. : partial excess molar enthalpy of component i. : partial molar mixing enthalpy of component i. ht: spreading coefficient. h: stoichiometric coefficient of protons in an electrochemical reaction. h: Planck's constant. : molar enthalpy of pure component i. hsp: Harkins spreading coefficient of a liquid on another. I: ionic strength of a solution of ions. Im: ionic strength in relation to molality values. I, I1, I2, I3: moments of inertia. II: integral of configuration of the canonical distribution function of translation. i: Van't Hoff factor. : partial molar value of J relative to component i. : mixing value of J relative to component i. : partial molar mixing value of J relative to component i. value of J relative to component i in a perfect solution. : partial molar value of J relative to component i in a...