Principles of Cardiac Diagnosis and Treatment

1 Introduction and Historical Background.- Historical Background.- 2 Anatomical and Physiological Considerations.- Anatomical Features.- Elementary Haemodynamics.- 3 Clinical Aspects of Cardiac Diagnosis.- Classification of Surgical Heart Disease.- History.- Physical Examination.- 4 Special Investigations.- Chest Radiography.- Electrocardiography.- Phonocardiography.- Echocardiography.- Radionuclide Studies.- Computed Tomography.- Positron Emission Tomography.- Magnetic Resonance Imaging.- Cardiac Catheterisation and Angiography.- 5 Temporary Support of the Circulation.- Pharmacological Support.- Mechanical Support.- Principles of Cardiopulmonary Bypass.- Long-Term Circulatory Support.- Extracorporeal Respiratory Support.- 6 Congenital Heart Disease.- Nomenclature and Sequential Segmental Analysis.- Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease.- Acyanotic Congenital Heart Lesions: Obstructive Group.- Acyanotic Congenital Heart Lesions: Left-to-Right Shunts.- Lesions Which May Be Cyanotic or Acyanotic.- Congenital Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries.- 7 Acquired Valvular Heart Disease.- Mitral Valve Disease.- Aortic Valve Disease.- Tricuspid Valve Disease.- Pulmonary Valve Disease.- Prosthetic Valve Disease.- 8 Ischaemic Heart Disease.- 9 Miscellaneous Heart Disease.- Constrictive Pericarditis.- Cardiomyopathy.- Cardiac Tumours.- Bacterial Endocarditis.- Trauma.- Arrythmias.- 10 Acquired Lesions of Major Blood Vessels.- Aneurysm of the Thoracic Aorta.- Aortic Dissection.- Traumatic Rupture of the Aorta.- Massive Pulmonary Embolism.- Arterial Embolism.