Scar-Less Surgery

Part I: Overview.- 1: Historical Perspectives of LESS and NOTES.- 2: Overview: Rationale and Terminology.- 3: Visualization Options.- 4: LESS: Ports and Instrumentation.- 5: Retraction Systems in Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery and NOTES.- 6: Exit Strategies.- 7: Mini-Laparoscopic Systems .- 8: Access: Transgastric .- 9: Access: Transcolonic.- 10: Access: Transvaginal.- 11: Access: Trans-Vesical.- 12:Access: Trans-Umbilical .- Part II: NOTES (Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery) .- 13: NOTES: Laboratory Work.- 14: NOTES: Appendectomy.- 15: NOTES: Cholecystectomy (European Experience).- 16: NOTES: Cholecystectomy (US Experience).- 17: NOTES: Gastro-Jejunostomy.- 18: NOTES: Nephrectomy.- 19: NOTES: Challenges .- Part III: LESS (Laparo-Endoscopic Single Site Surgery) .- 20: LESS: Pyeloplasty.- 21: LESS: Extirpative Renal Surgery Including Donor.- 22: LESS: Adrenal Surgery.- 23: LESS: Pelvic Reconstructive Urological Surgery.- 24: LESS: Radical Prostatectomy.- 25: Single Port Laparoscopy: Issues and Complications.- Part IV: Future Perspectives.- 26: Robotic LESS Urological Surgery: Experience and Future Perspectives.- 27: Future Perspectives on Scarless Surgery: Where We Have Been and Where We Are Going.