
Soda Politics: Taking on Big Soda (and Winning)
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Inhalt
- Cover
- Soda Politics Taking on Big Soda (and Winning)
- Copyright
- Contents
- Foreword
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- TO BEGIN WITH, SOME DEFINITIONS
- A QUICK OVERVIEW
- Part I: What Is Soda? Why Advocacy Is Needed
- Chapter 1: Sodas: Inside Those Containers
- SODAS: NUTRITION FACTS
- SODA INGREDIENTS
- Carbonated Water
- Sugars: High-Fructose Corn Syrup and Sucrose
- Caramel Color
- The Minor Ingredients
- Phosphoric and citric acids
- Caffeine
- Natural flavors
- BUT SURELY COKE AND PEPSI DON'T TASTE THE SAME?
- Fountain Drinks: Pouring Money
- DIET SODAS
- Chapter 2: Soda Drinkers: Facts and Figures
- SODA PRODUCTION: UNITED STATES
- SODA PRODUCTION: INTERNATIONAL
- SODAS CONSUMED
- Chapter 3: The Sugar(s) Problem: More Facts and Figures
- AMOUNTS: TOO MUCH
- SUGAR TRENDS: FALLING, BUT NOT ENOUGH
- SUGAR TRENDS: FALLING BUT UNDERESTIMATED, DELIBERATELY
- SUGAR CALORIES: EMPTY AND LIQUID
- FRUCTOSE: METABOLIZED LIKE ALCOHOL
- ARE SUGARS-AND SODAS-ADDICTIVE?
- Part II: Sodas and Health
- Chapter 4: Dietary Advice: Sugars and Sugary Drinks
- USDA'S FOOD GUIDES
- A DIGRESSION: "OTHER SWEET DRINKS"
- THE CONTROVERSIAL "PERCENT OF CALORIES" SUGAR RECOMMENDATION
- Chapter 5: The Health Issues: Obesity, Diabetes, and More
- GUILT BY ASSOCIATION
- MORE CALORIES
- CHILDHOOD OBESITY
- ADULT OBESITY
- METABOLIC SYNDROME
- TYPE 2 DIABETES
- HEART DISEASE AND STROKE
- CANCERS
- PREMATURE DEATH
- OTHER HEALTH EFFECTS
- THE SODA INDUSTRY'S SPIN ON THE SCIENCE
- WHAT IS AT STAKE?
- Chapter 6: Advocacy: Soda-Free Teeth
- SUGARS, SODAS, AND TOOTH DECAY
- PUBLIC HEALTH RECOMMENDATIONS
- THE SODA INDUSTRY'S RESPONSE
- SUCCESSFUL ADVOCACY: THE CHILDREN'S ORAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION PROJECT
- ADVOCATE: SODA-FREE TEETH
- Understand the Issue
- Engage in the Debate
- Take Action
- Part III: The Soda Industry and How It Works
- Chapter 7: Meet Big Soda: An Overview
- THE GLOBAL SOFT DRINK INDUSTRY
- THE U.S. SODA INDUSTRY
- Coca-Cola
- PepsiCo
- Dr Pepper Snapple
- The American Beverage Association (ABA)
- SUGARY DRINK PROFITABILITY: BUSINESS STRATEGIES
- PRESSURES ON SODA INDUSTRY PROFITS: BUSINESS AND HEALTH
- Chapter 8: Obesity: Big Soda's Response
- BIG SODA'S PUBLIC RELATIONS PLAYBOOK
- EMPHASIZE DEVOTION TO HEALTH AND WELLNESS
- Divert Attention to Physical Activity
- Introduce and Promote "Better for You" Products
- Self-Regulate Marketing to Children
- Create Coalitions to Promote the Reframed Messages
- CAN SODA COMPANIES HELP SOLVE THE OBESITY PROBLEM?
- Chapter 9: Marketing Sugary Drinks Seven Basic Principles
- THE FIRST PRINCIPLE OF SODA MARKETING: ADVERTISE
- THE SECOND PRINCIPLE: BE STRATEGIC
- THE THIRD PRINCIPLE: BE UBIQUITOUS
- THE FOURTH PRINCIPLE: MARKET SODAS BY EVERY MEANS POSSIBLE
- THE FIFTH PRINCIPLE: USE MUSIC AND SPORTS CELEBRITIES
- THE SIXTH PRINCIPLE: KEEP PRICES LOW
- Cans and Bottles
- Mexican Coca-Cola
- Fountain Drinks
- Federal Sugar Price Policies
- THE SEVENTH PRINCIPLE: SELL TO EVERYONE
- Part IV: Targeting Children
- Chapter 10: Starting Early: Marketing to Infants, Children, and Teens
- TELEVISION: THE QUICKEST AND MOST EFFECTIVE ROUTE TO REACHING KIDS
- DIGITAL MEDIA: THE NEW MARKETING FRONTIER
- SODA MARKETING TO KIDS: THE FINANCIAL INVESTMENT
- HOW MUCH SODA ADVERTISING DO CHILDREN SEE?
- DO SODA COMPANIES MARKET TO CHILDREN UNDER AGE 12?
- Translation: "Directly"
- Translation: "Not Below 12"
- Chapter 11: Advocacy: Stopping Soda Marketing to Kids
- THE IWG FIASCO
- ADVOCATE: REGULATE SODA AND JUNK FOOD MARKETING TO CHILDREN
- Understand the Issue
- Engage in the Debate
- Take Action
- Hold Soda Companies Accountable for Self-Regulation
- Use Legal Approaches
- Use Legislative Approaches
- Hold International Public Health Agencies Accountable
- Join the Campaigns
- Chapter 12: Advocacy: Getting Sodas Out of Schools
- HOW ADVOCATES GOT TO THIS POINT
- POURING RIGHTS CONTRACTS
- EARLY EFFORTS TO RESTRICT SODA SALES
- PREEMPTING THE SODA BAN: THE CLINTON FOUNDATION'SEND RUN
- ACHIEVING FEDERAL REGULATION
- SODA INDUSTRY PUSHBACK
- BEYOND SALES: MARKETING SODAS IN SCHOOLS
- Soda Company School Marketing Policies
- Federal School Marketing Policy
- THE ROLE OF ADVOCATES: CSPI'S NATIONAL ALLIANCEFOR NUTRITION AND ACTIVITY (NANA)
- ADVOCATE: ELIMINATE SODAS FROM SCHOOLS
- Understand the Issue
- Engage in the Debate
- Take Action
- Chapter 13: Advocacy: Getting Kids Involved
- UNDERSTAND THE ISSUE
- EXPLORE A SUPERMARKET
- Read Package Labels
- Count the Sugars
- Name the Sugars
- HOME INVESTIGATIONS
- Do Some Experiments
- Watch TV
- Watch Ads Online and on Mobile Devices
- Watch for Marketing Aimed at African American and Hispanic Kids
- RESTAURANT INVESTIGATIONS
- NEIGHBORHOOD INVESTIGATIONS
- INVESTIGATIONS WHILE TRAVELING
- SCHOOL INVESTIGATIONS
- TAKE ACTION
- USE THE RESOURCES
- Part V: Targeting Minorities and the Poor
- Chapter 14: Marketing to African and Hispanic Americans: A Complicated Story
- THE HEALTH ISSUES
- TARGETED SODA MARKETING: THE PRE-OBESITY ERA
- TARGETED SODA MARKETING: THE POST-OBESITY ERA
- A DILEMMA FOR ADVOCATES
- Chapter 15: Selling to the Developing World
- International Marketing Methods
- The Marketing Challenges: Political
- The Marketing Challenges: Obesity
- Chapter 16: Advocacy: Excluding Sodas from SNAP
- HOW SODAS GOT INTO SNAP
- DO SNAP PARTICIPANTS BUY SODAS?
- WHO BENEFITS FROM SNAP SODA PURCHASES?
- THE STRANGE POLITICS OF SNAP SODA ELIGIBILITY
- Those in Favor of Making Sodas SNAP-Ineligible
- Those Opposed
- INCENTIVES: A POINT OF COMMON GROUND?
- ADVOCACY: NEW YORK CITY'S WAIVER ATTEMPT
- ADVOCATE: REMOVE SODAS FROM SNAP ELIGIBILITY
- Understand the Issue
- Engage in the Debate
- Take Action
- Part VI: "Softball" Marketing Tactics: Recruiting Allies, Co-opting Critics
- Chapter 17: Marketing Corporate Social Responsibility
- CSR STRATEGY #1: PROMOTE HEALTH
- Expand the Portfolio of Low- and No-Calorie Beverage Options
- Market Smaller Sizes
- Educate the Public About Key Concepts
- QUESTIONING CSR
- Chapter 18: Investing in Sponsorships and Community Partnerships
- SPONSORING SPORTS
- PARTNERING WITH COMMUNITIES
- PROVIDING COMMUNITY DISASTER RELIEF
- SODA COMPANY PHILANTHROPY: A DILEMMA FOR ADVOCATES
- Chapter 19: Supporting Worthy Causes: Health Professionals and Research
- PARTNERING WITH NUTRITION AND HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
- PARTNERING WITH NUTRITION AND HEALTH ASSOCIATIONS
- SPONSORING NUTRITION AND HEALTH RESEARCH
- SHOULD NUTRITION AND HEALTH PROFESSIONALS ACCEPTFUNDING FROM SODA COMPANIES?
- Chapter 20: Recruiting Public Health Leaders: Working from Within
- DEREK YACH'S RESPONSE
- Part VII: More "Softball" Tactics: Mitigating Environmental Damage
- Chapter 21: Advocacy: Defending the Environment
- UNDERSTAND THE ISSUES: SODA COMPANIES'ENVIRONMENTAL PLEDGES
- Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
- Reduce Package Waste
- Get Consumers to Recycle
- Produce Sugar Sustainably
- Promote Environmental Causes
- ADVOCATE: PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT FROM SODA-INDUCED DAMAGE
- Promote Bottle Bans and Deposit Laws
- Join the Campaigns
- Take Action
- Promote Bottle Bans and Deposit Laws
- Join the Campaigns
- Take Action
- UNDERSTAND THE ISSUES: SODA COMPANIES'ENVIRONMENTAL PLEDGES
- Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
- Reduce Package Waste
- Get Consumers to Recycle
- Produce Sugar Sustainably
- Promote Environmental Causes
- ADVOCATE: PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT FROMSODA-INDUCED DAMAGE
- Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
- Reduce Package Waste
- Get Consumers to Recycle
- Produce Sugar Sustainably
- Promote Environmental Causes
- Chapter 22: Advocacy: Protecting Public Water Resources
- HOW MUCH WATER DOES SODA REQUIRE?
- HOW DO SODA COMPANIES DEAL WITH WATER RISKS?
- THE DUAL BENEFITS OF COMMUNITY WATER PARTNERSHIPS
- PepsiCo and the Nature Conservancy
- Coca-Cola Ekocenters
- Coca-Cola and WaterHealth International
- Other Community Water Projects
- ACQUISITION OF WATER RIGHTS: CONSEQUENCES
- Coca-Cola's Water Problems in India
- Coca-Cola's Water Problems in the United States
- THE DEBATE: A DILEMMA FOR ADVOCATES?
- TAKE ACTION
- Part VIII: "Hardball" Tactics: Defending Turf, Attacking Critics
- Chapter 23: Lobbying, the Revolving Door, Campaign Contributions, and Lawsuits
- SODA LOBBYING AND LOBBYISTS
- THE REVOLVING DOOR
- ELECTION CAMPAIGNS: DISCLOSED CONTRIBUTIONS
- ELECTION CAMPAIGNS: UNDISCLOSED "DARK MONEY "CONTRIBUTIONS
- DOES MONEY INFLUENCE VOTING DECISIONS?
- WHEN ALL ELSE FAILS: USE THE LAW
- CHALLENGE TO ADVOCATES
- Chapter 24: Using Public Relations and Front Groups
- FORGING BUSINESS AND PERSONAL CONNECTIONS
- SPYING ON ADVOCACY GROUPS
- SUPPORTING THE ULTRA-RIGHT
- SUPPORTING FRONT GROUPS
- American Council on Science and Health (Coca-Cola, Dr Pepper Snapple)
- Beverage Institute for Health and Wellness (Coca-Cola)
- "Astroturf" Groups Opposed to Soda Caps and Taxes (ABA)
- THE CENTER FOR CONSUMER FREEDOM (COCA-COLA)
- USING PUBLIC RELATIONS
- CHALLENGE FOR ADVOCATES
- Part IX: Advocacy: Soda Caps, Taxes, and More
- Chapter 25: Advocacy: Capping Soda Portion Sizes
- THE SODA SIZE PROBLEM
- PRICING STRATEGIES: EFFECT ON CALORIES
- THE DEFAULT ISSUE
- CALLS TO REDUCE PORTION SIZES
- ADVOCACY: NEW YORK CITY'S "SUGARY DRINK PORTION CAP RULE"
- THE SODA "BAN": ABA-ORGANIZED OPPOSITION
- THE ABA'S LEGAL CHALLENGE
- The ABA's Strange Bedfellows
- SUPPORT FOR THE CAP RULE: BETTER LATE THAN NEVER
- ADVOCATE: CAP SODA SERVING SIZES
- Understand the Issue
- Engage in the Debate
- Take Action
- Chapter 26: Advocacy: Taxing Sugary Drinks-Early Attempts
- TAXES FOR A CAUSE: OBESITY PREVENTION
- ARGUMENTS AND ACTIONS AGAINST SODA TAXES
- NEW YORK STATE
- RICHMOND AND EL MONTE, CALIFORNIA
- THE DANISH "FAT TAX"
- Chapter 27: Advocacy: Taxing Sugary Drinks-Lessons Learned
- THE MEXICAN "BLOOMBERG" TAX
- The Soda Industry's View of the Tax
- How Did Mexico Pass the Soda Tax?
- SAN FRANCISCO: CHOOSE HEALTH SF
- The Two-Thirds Plurality Requirement
- Community Demographics
- Soda Industry Opposition
- From the Advocacy Perspective, a Success, Not a Loss
- BERKELEY VS. BIG SODA
- What Berkeley Did Right
- WHAT'S NEXT FOR SODA TAXES?
- ADVOCATE: TAX SODAS
- Understand the Issues
- Engage in the Debate
- Take Action
- Join the Campaigns
- Chapter 28: Conclusion: Taking Action
- CURRENT ADVOCACY CAMPAIGNS
- EMERGING TARGETS FOR SUGARY DRINKS ADVOCACY
- Remove Sodas from Kids' Menus in Chain Restaurants
- Eliminate Tax Deductions for Soda Marketing to Children
- Put Warning Labels on Soda Packages
- Use the Legal System to Curb Soda Marketing
- Change Institutional Beverage Procurement Practices
- Reach Out to Large Audiences
- Join the Do-It-Yourself Healthy Beverage Movement
- Jam the Culture
- GUIDELINES FOR EFFECTIVE ADVOCACY
- ADVOCACY IS WINNING
- Afterword
- Appendix 1: THE PRINCIPAL U.S. GROUPS ADVOCATING FOR HEALTHIER BEVERAGE CHOICES
- Appendix 2: NATIONAL, STATE, AND LOCAL CAMPAIGNS TO REDUCE SODA CONSUMPTION: SELECTED U.S. EXAMPLES
- Appendix 3: A BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTE ON SOURCES
- BOOKS ABOUT THE SODA INDUSTRY: A HIGHLY SELECTIVE LIST
- Histories of the Companies
- Cultural and Political Histories
- Personal Accounts
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Acknowledgments
- Notes
- Abbreviations
- Chapter 1. sodas: Inside Those Containers
- Chapter 2. Soda Drinkers: Facts and Figures
- Chapter 3. The Sugar(s) Problem: More Facts and Figures
- Chapter 4. Dietary Advice: Sugars and Sugary Drinks
- Chapter 5. The Health Issues: Obesity, Diabetes, and More
- Chapter 6. Advocacy: Soda-Free Teeth
- Chapter 7. Meet Big Soda: An Overview
- Chapter 8. Obesity: Big Soda's Response
- Chapter 9. Marketing Sugary Drinks: Seven Basic Principles
- Chapter 10. Starting Early: Marketing to Infants, Children, and Teens
- Chapter 11. Advocacy: Stopping Soda Marketing to Kids
- Chapter 12. Advocacy: Getting Sodas Out of Schools
- Chapter 13. Advocacy: Getting Kids Involved
- Chapter 14. Marketing to African and Hispanic Americans: A Complicated Story
- Chapter 15. Selling to the Developing World
- Chapter 16. Advocacy: Excluding Sodas from SNAP
- Chapter 17. Marketing corporate Social Responsibility
- Chapter 18. Investing in Sponsorship and Community Partnerships
- Chapter 19. Supporting Worthy Causes: Health Professionals andResearch
- Chapter 20. Recruiting Public Health Leaders: Working from Within
- Chapter 21. Advocacy: Defending the Environment
- Chapter 22. Advocacy: Protecting Public Water Resources
- Chapter 23. Lobbying, the Revolving Door, Campaign Contributions, and Lawsuits
- Chapter 24. Using Public Relations and Front Groups
- Chapter 25. Advocacy: Capping Soda Portion Sizes
- Chapter 26. Advocacy: Taxing Sugary Drinks-Early Attempts
- Chapter 27. Advocacy: Taxing Sugary Drinks-Lessons Learned
- Chapter 28. Conclusion: Taking Action
- Index
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