Geomatic Solutions for Coastal Environments

Name: Geomatic Solutions for Coastal Environments
Brand: Nova Science Publishers Inc
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Maanan M(Herausgeber*in)

Nova Science Publishers Inc

Erschienen am 30. September 2020

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Intro
GEOMATIC SOLUTIONS FOR COASTALENVIRONMENTS
GEOMATIC SOLUTIONS FOR COASTALENVIRONMENTS
CONTENTS
PREFACE
Chapter 1THE COASTAL ZONE AND ITS CLASSIFICATION FORGEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
COASTAL CLASSIFICATION
TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL SCALES
COASTAL SYSTEMS AND THEIR BEHAVIOUR
Rocky Coasts
Sandy Coasts
Deltas and Estuaries
Muddy Coasts
Coral Reefs
GEOSPATIAL REPRESENTATION OF COASTAL SYSTEMS
SPATIAL DATA MODELS AND DATA STRUCTURES
REPRESENTATION OF COASTAL FEATURES IN VECTOR FORMAT
COASTAL TOPOGRAPHY AND SHORELINE CHANGE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Chapter 2CORAL BLEACHING ALERT AND MAPPING INREUNION ISLAND (SWIO): A REMOTE SENSINGCONTRIBUTION
ABSTRACTS
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY
Alert Phase
Data Set
Aerial Photography from Microlight Aircraft
SPOT-5 Ortho-Image
Preprocessing
Classification Procedures
Contribution of Time-Series Analysis
PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF THE DATA SETS
Aerial Photography from Microlight Aircraft
Multirésolution Segmentation
Image Classification Based on Image Objects (figure 3)
Spot5
Image Multi-Resolution Segmentation (figure 4)
Image Classification Based on Image Objects (figure 4)
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Results
Discussion
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 3MAPPING MANGROVE FOREST WITHMULTISPECTRAL IMAGES: CONTRIBUTION OFSPECTRAL UNMIXING TECHNIQUE AND OBJECTBASED IMAGE ANALYSIS
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
1) MAPPING MANGROVE : FROM THE SUBPIXEL LEVEL TOWARDTHE OBJECT LEVEL
Pixel-Based Unsupervised Classification of Mangrove Forest: The Case ofMahajamba Area
To Go Further with the Unmixing Method
2) OBJECT BASED IMAGE ANALYSIS
3) DISCUSSION : WHICH MANGROVE SURFACE HAVE WE TO TAKEINTO ACCOUNT ?
Mangrove Limits
Estimation of Madagascar Mangrove Surfaces
Research of an Accurate Methodology
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Chapter 4HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING FOR MAPPINGMICROPHYTOBENTHOS IN COASTAL AREAS
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PRINCIPLE OF IMAGING SPECTROMETRY
2.1. What is Imaging Spectrometry?
2.2. Factors Influencing the Spectral Signature
2.2.1. Absorption
- Rocks and Soils (Figure 6)
- Vegetation (Figure 7)
2.2.2 Scattering
2.3. Some Terminology
2.3.1. Instrument-Related Terms
2.3.2. Physical Terms
Radiance
Reflectance, Reflectance Factors
2.4. Atmospheric Effects
3. ASSESSING MICROPHYTOBENTHOS BY LABORATORY AND FIELDSPECTRORADIOMETRY
3.1. Parameters of Interest and How they Transcribe Into SpectralSignatures
3.1.1. Spectroradiometry vs. Pigments
3.1.2. Spectroradiometry vs. Biomass
3.1.3. Field Spectroradiometry and Sampling Depth
3.2. Processing Reflectance Spectra
3.2.1. Single-Band Vegetation Index (VI)
3.2.2. Derivative Analysis
3.2.3 Continuum Removal
3.3. Two Examples of Data Processing
3.3.1. Assessing MPB Physiology by Spectroradiometry
3.3.2. Moisture Content Effect on Sediment Reflectance Spectra
Laboratory Reflectance Measurements
Water Absorption Band Analysis
Spectral Derivative Analysis (SDA)
Water Abundance vs. Hydration States of Sediment
Soil Moisture Gaussian Model (SMGM) Analysis
4. MAPPING MICROPHYTOBENTHOS FROM IMAGINGSPECTROMETER DATA
Application to Bourgneuf Bay, France
4.1. First Considering That Biofilms Are Homogeneous
4.2. Now Considering the Patchy Spatial Distribution of Biofilms
5. PERSPECTIVES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ANNEXES
1. Existing Imaging Spectrometers
2. Future Spaceborne Missions
- Mission objective
- Sensor characteristics
- Expected products
- Planning phases
PRISMA (ITALY)
REFERENCES
Chapter 5ACOUSTIC IMAGERY FOR BENTHIC HABITATSMAPPING AND MONITORING
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
1. SIDESCAN SONAR IMAGERY AND BOOMER PROFILES
1.1. Acoustic Data Acquisition
1.2. The Boomer IKB Seistec
1.3. The Sidescan Sonar Edgetech 272 TD
2. MAPPING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE REEF-BUILDING TUBEWORMSERPULA VERMICULARIS
2.1. Presentation of the Reefs of Serpula vermicularis of the Loch Creran(Scotland)
2.2. Methodology and Data Set
2.3. Results and Discussion
3. MONITORING THE DISTRIBUTION OF ZOSTERA MARINA BEDS
3.1. Presentation of the Zostera marina Meadows of North Brittany (France)
3.2. Image Recording and Processing
3.3. Results and Discussion
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 6COASTLINE DYNAMICS IN POLAR SYSTEMS USINGREMOTE SENSING
ABSTRACT
1. ARCTIC COASTLINES
2. CONSTRAINTS ASSOCIATED WITH REMOTE SENSING OF ARCTICCOASTS
3. RECENT STUDIES INVOLVING REMOTE SENSING METHODS ONARCTIC COASTLINES
Shoreline Mapping
Sub-Sea Permafrost and Nearshore Bathymetry
Bottom-Fast Ice Mapping
4. OUTLOOK
REFERENCES
Chapter 7AIRBORNE LIDAR IN SUPPORT OF COASTALMAPPING AND HYDRODYNAMIC MODELLING
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
THE LIDAR TECHNIQUE
Reminder on The Principle of LIDAR Telemetry
GEOREFERENCING DATA
LIDAR PRODUCTS: SCATTER PLOTS AND DIGITAL TERRAINMODELS (DTM)
HYDRODYNAMIC MODELLING
TIDE REDUCTION
THE IMPACT OF NEW BATHYMETRY TECHNIQUES ON THE QUALITYOF A HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL: THE GOLFE DU MORBIHAN
THE GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE TIDAL ZONE
MAPPING TIDAL ZONE HABITATS
FUCOIDS IN THE TIDAL ZONE
SCHORRES AND SEAGRASS MEADOWS
HONEYCOMB WORMS
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 8 MORPHODYNAMIC MODELING OF TIDAL INLETS AND EMBAYMENTS
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
MORPHODYNAMIC MODELING SYSTEMS: HOW DO THEY WORK?GENERAL OUTLINE
SIMULATING WAVE PROPAGATION
SIMULATING WATER CIRCULATION
COMPUTING SAND FLUXES
SIMULATING THE BOTTOM EVOLUTION
ILLUSTRATION OF MORPHODYNAMIC MODELLING SYSTEMSCAPACITIES
UNDERSTANDING THE DYNAMICS OF A WAVE-DOMINATED INLET ATTHE TIME-SCALE OF PHYSICAL PROCESSES
SIMULATING THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MIXED-ENERGY INLET ATDECADAL TIME-SCALE
SIMULATING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARSDIEP INLET ATGEOLOGICAL TIME SCALES
CONCLUSIONS
ACKOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 9COASTAL AREA HYDRODYNAMIC ANDMORPHODYNAMIC NUMERICAL MODELLING
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. MATHEMATICAL MODEL
3. APPLICATION
3. 1. Study Area
3. 2. Morphodynamical Model of Sète Coast
3.3. Discussion and Conclusion
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 10COMPUTATION OF TRANSPORT TIME SCALESTHROUGH NUMERICAL MODELING
INTRODUCTION
TRANSPORT TIME SCALES
Definition of Time Scales
Computing the Residence Time
The Return Flow
The Transit Time
The Trapping Index
APPLICATIONS
The Venice Lagoon
Residence Time
The Effect of the Return Flow
Transit time
The Trapping Index
Other Lagoons and Bays
The Curonian Lagoon
The Oristano Bay
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 11ASSESSMENT OF COASTAL WATER CONTAMINATIONDUE TO LAND-BASED SOURCES COUPLINGWATERSHED AND HYDRODYNAMIC MODELLING
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
1. REVIEW OF THE MAIN APPROACHES IMPLEMENTED TO ASSESSTELLURIC POLLUTIONS
1.1. The Watershed Approaches
1.2. The Coastal Water Approaches
2. IMPLEMENTATION OF COUPLED MODELLING APPROACHES: THEEXAMPLE OF THE WATERSHEDS OF PEN-BE ESTUARY AND LECROISIC BAY
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Study Area
2.3. Material and Methods
2.3.1. Watershed Model SWAT
2.3.2. Hydrodynamic Model MARS
2.3.3. Coupling of Both Models
2.4. Results
2.4.1. The Watershed Modelling
2.4.2. The Hydrodynamic Modelling
2.5. DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 12CLIMATE CHANGE AND SEA-LEVEL RISE: A GISBASEDVULNERABILITY AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT,THE CASE OF THE MOROCCAN COAST
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
Sea-Level Trends
Potential Impacts of Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise on the Coastal Zone
2. DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY SITES
1) Mohammedia coast
Physical setting
Socio-economic background
Environmental problems
2) Tangier coast
Physical setting
Socio-economic background
Environmental problems
3) Tetouan coast
Physical setting
Socio-economic background
Environmental problems
4) Nador coastal lagoon
Physical setting
Socio-economic background
Environmental problems
5) Saïdia coast
Physical setting
Socio-economic background
Environmental problems
3. METHODS
3.1. GIS as aTool for Assessing the Coastal Vulnerability Using the CoastalVulnerability Indices
Physical Coastal Vulnerability Index:
Socioeconomic Coastal Vulnerability Index:
3.2. GIS as aTool for Assessing Land at Risk of Inundation and Flooding:
3.3. GIS as a Tool to Assess the Shoreline Evolution and Predict the PotentialShoreline Erosion Due To Sea-Level Rise
3.4. GIS as a Tool for Assessing Aquifer Vulnerability to Seawater IntrusionUsing GALDIT Method
4. RESULTS
4. 1. Coastal Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise: The Case of the Nador Coast
4.2. Land Losses Due to Coastal Inundation
Mohammedia Coast
4.2.1. Land Losses Due to Coastal Flooding
Mohammedia Coast
Tetouan Coast
Saïdia Coast
Tangier Coast
4.3 Coastal Beach Erosion: Tetouan Coast Case-Study
Recent Shoreline Evolution:
Land Losses Due to Future Coastal Erosion
4.4. Saline Intrusion: Nador Coast Case-Study
5. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Chapter 13A GIS ANALYSIS FOR HEAVY METAL ASSESSMENTOF SEDIMENT IN COASTAL LAGOON
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. OUALIDIA LAGOON
3. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sampling
Laboratory Analysis
Enrichment Factor
GIS and Statistic Analysis
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1. Superficial Sediments Characteristics
4.2. Metal Concentrations
4.3. Enrichment Factors (EF)
4.4. GIS Approaches
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Chapter 14MODELLING NATURE-SOCIETY INTERACTIONS ANDSPATIAL USE CONFLICTS IN COASTAL AREASCOUPLING MAS WITH
ABSTRACT
1. COASTAL ACTIVITIES, NATURE-SOCIETY INTERACTIONS ANDSPATIAL USE CONFLICTS: SPATIAL SYSTEMICS, GEOMATICS ANDMODELLING
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Geomatic Approaches to Nature-Society Interactions and Spatial UseConflicts
1.3. Modelling of Human Activities with A Strong Environmental Impact byModel/Geographic Information System Coupling
2. MODELLING OF OYSTER-FARMING ACTIVITIES IN COASTALAREAS
2.1. Modelling/Formalisation Principles
2.2. Platform Structuration
2.2.1. GIS/MAS Coupling in DAHU
2.2.2. Structuration of the Aquaculture Module Agents
2.3 Results
2.4. Conclusion / Prospects
REFERENCES
Chapter 15GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FORINTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT INDEVELOPING COUNTRIES: CASES STUDIES INMAURITANIA, CÔTE D'IVOIRE, GUINEA-BISSAU ANDMOROCCO
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION:
2. MAURITANIA: GIS FOR COASTAL AREA STRATEGY
3. GIS FOR SPATIAL DECISION SUPPORT AND TO ASSESS ANDANALYSE THE COASTAL RISK IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE
4. GUINEA-BISSAU, GIS FOR COASTAL AND MARINE PROTECTEDAREA MANAGEMENT
5. MOROCCO, GIS FOR URBAN PLANNING IN COASTAL AREA
6. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
INDEX
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