Oral Wound Healing
Cell Biology and Clinical Management
Erschienen am 28. Februar 2012
408 Seiten
978-1-118-21963-8 (ISBN)
Beschreibung
Oral Wound Healing: Cell Biology and Clinical Management brings experts from around the world together to provide an authoritative reference on the processes, principles and clinical management of wound healing in the oral mucosa. Promoting a thorough understanding of current research on the topic, this new resource draws together thinking on the basic biological processes of wound healing in the oral environment, as well as providing more detailed information and discussion on processes such as inflammation, reepithelialization and angiogenesis. Beyond this, the book goes on to examine topics pertinent to the effective clinical management of oral wound healing, bringing together chapters on large dento-facial defects, dental implants, periodontal regeneration, and pulp healing.An essential synthesis of current research and clinical applications, Oral Wound Healing will be an indispensable resource for dental specialists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons as well as researchers in oral medicine and biology.
Weitere Details
Weitere Ausgaben
Person
Hannu Larjava, DDS, PhD, DipPerio is Professor and Chair of the Division of Periodontics at the University of British Columbia Faculty of Dentistry.
Inhalt
- Intro
- Oral Wound Healing: Cell Biology and Clinical Management
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- 1 Oral Wound Healing: An Overview
- Clotting and inflammation (chapters 2, 3 and 4)
- Re-epithelialization and granulation tissue formation (chapters 5 and 6)
- Angiogenesis (chapter 7)
- Healing of extraction sockets (chapter 8)
- Flap design for periodontal wound healing (chapter 9)
- Regeneration of periodontal tissues (chapters 10 and 11)
- Osteointegration and soft tissue healing around dental implants (chapter 12)
- The pulp healing process (chapter 13)
- Dermal wound healing and burn wounds (chapter 14)
- Healing of large dentofacial defects (chapter 15)
- References
- 2 Hemostasis, Coagulation and Complications
- Introduction
- Primary hemostasis
- Secondary hemostasis and the coagulation system
- Tertiary hemostasis
- Tissue factor
- Von willebrand factor
- Other coagulation factors
- Cell-centric model of hemostasis: from initiation to propagation
- The procoagulant membrane
- Membrane particles
- Endothelium and hemostasis
- Pro- and anticoagulant functions
- Platelets
- Coagulation and wound healing
- Limitations of the waterfall cascade model and screening laboratory tests
- Implications for laboratory tests
- Pre-surgical evaluation to prevent bleeding problems
- Medical history
- Diet and herbal supplements
- Clinical examination
- Presurgical planning
- Control of intra-operative/primary bleeding
- Post-operative/secondary bleeding
- Conclusions
- References
- 3 Inflammation and Wound Healing
- Introduction
- The innate immune response in wounds
- Inflammatory cell infiltration into wounds
- Inflammatory cell function in wounds
- Neutrophils
- Mast cells
- Macrophages
- T lymphocytes
- Gamma delta T-cells or dentritic epidermal T-cells (DETCs)
- Cytokines and chemokines in wounds
- Interleukin-1 (IL-1)
- Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
- Interleukin-8 (IL-8 or CXCL8)
- Tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha)
- Macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP-1 or CCL2)
- Interferon inducible protein 10 (IP-10 or CXCL10)
- Stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1 or CXCL12)
- Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b)
- Inflammation in oral mucosal wounds
- Inflammation in fetal wounds
- Role of inflammation in keloids
- Inflammation and diabetic wounds
- Conclusions
- References
- 4 Specialized Pro-resolving Lipid Derived Fatty Acid Mediators: Wiring the Circuitry of Effector Immune Homeostasis
- Inflammation: the cardinal signs
- Complete resolution and tissue homeostasis is the ideal outcome of acute inflammation
- Lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins: semper vigilantes of anti-inflammation and pro-resolution
- Lipoxins
- Resolvins
- Protectins
- Maresins
- Resolution of inflammation is an actively regulated process in vivo
- Resolvins and protectins are protective in experimental models of inflammatory diseases
- Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in oral medicine: restoration of tissue homeostasis in experimental periodontitis
- Resolution and wound healing
- Anti-inflammation vs. Pro-resolution
- Resolution toxicity
- Clinical implications and the development of stable analogs
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 5 Re-epithelialization of Wounds
- Introduction
- Keratinocytes form a protective barrier between an organism and its environment
- Keratinocytes are activated rapidly to restore the epithelial barrier after wounding
- Many different factors contribute to re-epithelialization
- Keratinocytes become exposed to novel extracellular matrix molecules in wounds
- Integrins are signaling molecules that mediate cell adhesion to extracellular matrix and cell migration
- Cytokines and growth factors are important mediators of wound healing
- Serine proteases and matrix metalloproteinases modulate extracellular matrix and generate biologically active molecules
- Levels of divalent cations in the wound fluid affect re-epithelialization
- Wound-induced electrical field directs re-epithelialization
- Final stages of re-epithelialization
- Failure to re-epithelialize: chronic wounds
- Conclusions
- References
- 6 Granulation Tissue Formation and Remodeling
- Introduction
- Overview of connective tissue response to wounding
- Wound healing stages
- Origin and identity of wound fibroblasts
- Granulation tissue formation
- Activation of connective tissue cells
- Cell proliferation
- Cell migration
- Matrix deposition and wound contraction
- Transforming growth factor-b
- Connective tissue remodeling
- Downregulation of cell proliferation and cellularity
- ECM degradation
- ECM reorganization and increased stability by collagen cross-linking
- Downregulation of ECM production
- Re-emergence of quiescent fibroblast phenotype
- Specific features of oral mucosal wound healing
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 7 Angiogenesis and Wound Healing: Basic Discoveries, Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Opportunities
- Introduction
- How blood vessels develop
- Early mechanistic insights into the angiogenic response: from solid tumors to chronic inflammation and wound healing
- The role of other inflammatory cells in angiogenesis
- Matrix molecules
- Vascular endothelial growth factor and the modern era of angiogenesis research
- Signaling networks of potential importance in wound neovascularization
- Inhibitors of angiogenesis: important counterweights in wound neovascularization
- The role of aberrant wound angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus
- Conclusions
- References
- 8 Wound Healing of Extraction Sockets
- Healing of extraction sockets
- Histological aspects
- Clinical aspects
- Factors influencing the healing of extraction sockets
- Smoking
- Flapless tooth extraction
- Location of the edentulous site
- Single versus multiple extractions
- Chlorhexidine mouth rinse following tooth extraction
- Healing of extraction sockets following immediate implant placement
- Histological aspects
- Clinical aspects
- Healing determinants of extraction sockets after immediate implant placement
- Does the use of reconstructive technologies alter the healing of extraction sockets?
- Graft materials
- Barrier membranes
- Bioactive agents
- Combination of different reconstructive technologies
- Conclusions
- References
- 9 Flap Designs for Periodontal Healing
- Flap management, wound stability and periodontal regeneration
- Flap designs to achieve primary closure
- Techniques without preservation of the interdental supracrestal soft tissues and with double flap elevation
- Techniques with preservation of the interdental supracrestal soft tissues and with double flap elevation
- Techniques with preservation of the interdental supracrestal soft tissues and with a single flap elevation: the Single Flap Approach
- Surgical treatment of periodontal intraosseous defects: technical hints
- Conclusions
- References
- 10 Periodontal Regeneration: Experimental Observations - Clinical Consequences
- Introduction
- Wound healing
- Periodontal wound healing
- Periodontal regeneration - new attachment
- Wound stability
- Space provision
- Wound closure for primary intention healing
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 11 Biological Agents and Cell Therapies in Periodontal Regeneration
- Introduction
- Adjunct growth factors in periodontal wound repair
- PDGF and IGF-1 in periodontal regeneration
- Platelet-rich plasma in periodontal therapy
- FGF-2 in periodontal regeneration
- Growth and differentiation factor-5 in periodontal regeneration
- Other growth factors in periodontal regeneration
- Bioactive collagen-derived peptide in periodontal regeneration (PepGen P-15®)
- Enamel matrix proteins in periodontal regeneration and wound healing
- Stem cells in periodontal wound healing
- Conclusions
- References
- 12 Wound Healing Around Dental Implants
- Introduction
- Historical development
- Titanium - the metal of choice
- Healing following implant placement
- Peri-implant soft tissue healing
- Implant/peri-implant mucosa interface
- Peri-implant hard tissue healing
- From healing to clinical application
- Implant stability testing
- Destructive methods
- Non-destructive methods
- Wound healing and loading protocols
- Conclusions
- References
- 13 The Pulp Healing Process: From Generation to Regeneration
- From generation to regeneration
- The dentine-pulp complex
- The odontoblast: a key cell for regenerative endodontics
- Pulpal responses to injury
- At the molecular level
- Reparative dentinogenesis and pulp capping
- Conclusion
- References
- 14 Dermal Wound Healing and Burn Wounds
- Introduction
- Burn injury
- Skin anatomy
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Skin vasculature
- Skin appendages and subcutaneous fat
- Burn depth
- Epidermal burns
- Dermal burns
- Full thickness burns
- Wound healing
- Treatment
- Conservative treatment
- Surgical treatment
- Special features in perioral burns
- Conclusions
- References
- 15 Healing of Large Dentofacial Defects
- Introduction
- The need for bone
- Bone healing
- Primary bone healing
- Secondary bone healing
- Gap osseous healing and bone grafts
- Growth factors
- Blood supply and the soft tissue envelope
- Vasculoendothelial growth factor (VEGF) effects
- Angiogenesis
- Surgical maneuvers to induce and promote healing of large defects
- Periosteal healing
- Tent pole procedures
- Sinus lifting/lateral ridge augmentation
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT)
- Distraction osteogenesis
- The distracting dental implant
- Guidance of implant placement
- Tissue engineering with growth factors BMPs and VEGF
- Tissue engineering with stem cells and growth factors
- The field of tissue engineering
- Sources of stem cells
- Stimulating stem cells
- Manipulating the construct
- Future directions
- Specifically difficult wounds
- Maxillectomy cavities
- Wound infections necrotizing fasciitis
- Conclusions
- References
- Index
