The US Criminal Justice System

Name: The US Criminal Justice System | A Reference Handbook
Brand: Bloomsbury Academic USA
Price: 119.99 EUR
Availability: OnlineOnly

A Reference Handbook

Sarah Koon-Magnin Ryan J. Williams(Autor*in)

Bloomsbury Academic USA (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 22. August 2024

296 Seiten

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978-1-4408-7963-0 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover
Contents
1 Background and History
Introduction
A Note on Generalizability
Criminal Law in the United States
The US Criminal Justice System
Funnel of Criminal Justice
Goals of the Criminal Justice System
Weighing Individual Rights vs. Public Order/Security
Crime Data
Policing in the United States
State and Local Law Enforcement
Federal Law Enforcement Agencies
Law Enforcement Collaboration
Law Enforcement and the Law
Warrants
Detention, Arrest, and Miranda Warnings
Jurisdiction and Organization of US Courts
Federal Court Jurisdiction, Structure, and Organization
State Court Jurisdiction, Structure, and Organization
State Judicial Selection
The Attorneys: Prosecutors and Public Defenders
Pretrial Activities
The Trial Process
Jury Selection
Opening Statements
Presentation of Evidence
Defenses
Closing Statements
Jury Deliberation
Sentencing
The Development of Corrections
Early Prison Reform Efforts
Correctional Facilities
Correctional Officers
Prisonization
Juvenile Justice System
Conclusion
Further Reading
2 Problems, Controversies, and Solutions
Introduction
Current Issues in Law Enforcement and Criminal Investigation
Racial Disparities in Criminal Justice Outcomes
Police Accountability
Body-worn Cameras
Forensic Science
Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)
Current Issues in the Criminal Courts
Pretrial Issues, Bail Reform, and Grand Jury Reform
Prosecutorial Discretion and Plea Bargaining
Indigent Defense/Public Defenders' Offices
Politics and the Judiciary
Current Issues in Corrections
Private Prisons
Solitary Confinement
Reentry Issues after Prison
Restorative Justice
Issues in the Treatment of Crime Victims
Victims' Rights Movement
Sexual Assault Kit Initiative
Trauma-informed Care
3 Perspectives
Two Measures of Crime in the United States Rachel E. Morgan
Introduction
FBI Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program
BJS National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
Conclusions
Racial Bias and the Dual Purpose of Traffic Stops Alexander Love
Racial Disparities and Racial Bias
The Dual Purpose of Traffic Enforcement
New Directions
Case Clearance Scott M. Walfield and Cassidy Fitz-Randolph
Inside a Drug Court Joyce M. Morrissette
Advocacy Laury Rowland
4 Profiles
Historical Development
August Vollmer (1876-1955)
George Kelling (1935-2019)
Zebulon Brockway (1827-1920)
Edwin Sutherland (1883-1950)
Moments of Significant Change
The Warren Court and the Due Process Revolution
Prison Abolitionists
Equal Justice Initiative: Bryan Stevenson (1959-)
Organizations Related to the Criminal Justice System
Department of Homeland Security
National Center for Missing & Exploited Children
The Innocence Project
Death Penalty Information Center (DPIC)
The Sentencing Project
5 Data and Documents
Data
Figure 5.1: Flowchart of the Criminal Justice System
Table 5.1: Areas in the Criminal Justice System with Discretionary Powers
Figure 5.2: Rate of Property Crime, 1985-2020
Figure 5.3: Rate of Violent Crime, 1985-2020
Figure 5.4: State and Federal Prison Populations, 1978-2019
Table 5.2: Victim Responses to Violence and Property Crimes
Table 5.3: Recidivism Rates over Time
Figure 5.5: Structure of Federal Courts
Figure 5.6: Treatment Courts in the United States
Figure 5.7: Felon Disenfranchisement Laws by State
Figure 5.8: Interview Protocol for the National Crime Victimization Survey
Table 5.4: Public Defender Shortages in Selected States
Further Reading
Documents
Document 1: The Fourth Amendment to the US Constitution
Document 2: The Fifth Amendment to the US Constitution
Document 3: The Sixth Amendment to the US Constitution
Document 4: The Eighth Amendment to the US Constitution
Document 5: The USA Patriot Act
Document 6: Mapp v. Ohio, US 367 U.S. 643
Document 7: Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335
Document 8: Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436
Document 9: First Step Act of 2018
Further Reading
6 Resources
History and Development of the Criminal Justice System
Issues and Controversies
Award-winning Criminal Justice Books
Academic Journals
Justice Quarterly
Journal of Criminal Justice
Criminology
Criminology and Public Policy
Law & Society Review
Police Quarterly
Violence and Victims
Crime and Justice: A Review of Research
Online Resources
7 Chronology
Glossary
Index
About the Authors

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