Perspectives on Soviet and Russian Computing
First IFIP WG 9.7 Conference, SoRuCom 2006, Petrozavodsk, Russia, July 3-7, 2006, Revised Selected Papers
Erschienen am 6. September 2011
XXII, 274 Seiten
978-3-642-22816-2 (ISBN)
Beschreibung
This book contains a collection of thoroughly refereed papers derived from the First IFIP WG 9.7 Conference on Soviet and Russian Computing, held in Petrozavodsk, Russia, in July 2006. The 32 revised papers were carefully selected from numerous submissions; many of them were translated from Russian. They reflect much of the shining history of computing activities within the former Soviet Union from its origins in the 1950s with the first computers used for military decision-making problems up to the modern period where Russian ICT grew substantially, especially in the field of custom-made programming.
Weitere Details
Weitere Ausgaben
Inhalt
- Title
- Preface
- Institutional Organizers
- Table of Contents
- The Work of Sergey Alekseevich Lebedev in Kiev and Its Subsequent Influence on Further Scientific Progress There
- Introduction
- The Birth of MESM
- From MESM to BESM
- From BESM to SESM
- The MIR and ELBRUS Machines
- Conclusion
- History of the Creation of BESM: The First Computer of S.A. Lebedev Institute of Precise Mechanics and Computer Engineering
- Introduction
- BESM and Lebedev's Technical Notes
- Lebedev's Organizational Notes
- From MESM to BESM
- References
- Some Hardware Aspects of the BESM-6 Design
- Introduction
- BESM-6 Characteristics
- Basic Architecture
- Computer Architecture Development: From the BESM-6 Computer to Supercomputers
- Introduction
- Developments
- The AS-6 System
- The BESM-10 and the Electronika
- Reflections
- Conclusion
- References
- Operating System of the Multi-machine Computer AS-6
- Overview
- AS-6 Mail Functionalities
- Communication Elements
- System Devices
- Conclusion
- Reference
- Distributed Systems for Data Handling
- Introduction
- Early Activities at JINR
- Late 1960s and Early 1970s Activities
- Late 1970s and Early 1980s Activities
- Activities in the 1980s
- Activities during the 1990s
- Conclusion
- References
- Automatic Digital Computer M-1 of the I.S. Brook Laboratory
- Introduction
- The M-1 and Its Development Team
- Designing the M-1
- M-1 Characteristics
- Conclusion
- Conception of New Generation Computer Systems - The Last Large-Scale Initiative in Computers of the COMECON Countries: A Glance after Twenty Years
- Introduction
- Systems of Knowledge Processing (ISP-1)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- Image Processing and Computer Graphics Systems (ISP-2)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- CAD for Computer Systems (ISP-3)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- Computer Networks (ISP-4)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- Systems of Personal Computers (ISP-5)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- Fault-Tolerant Systems (ISP-6)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- New External Storage Devices (ISP-7)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- Software Engineering for New Generation Computer Systems (ISP-8)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- New Algorithms and Architectures for Information Processing (ISP-9)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- Informatics for Education (ISP-10)
- Working Goal
- Result of Performed Work
- Conclusion
- Reference
- SM EVM Control Computer Development
- Introduction
- Virtues of I.S. Bruk
- The INEUM Era
- New Directions
- Use of CAD
- Birth of SM EVM
- SM EVM Architectures
- Conclusion
- Ternary Computers: The Setun and the Setun 70
- Introduction
- The Setun Computer
- Features of the Setun
- Production Dynamics
- Some Mathematical Details
- The Setun 70 Computer
- The Setun 70 and the "Nastavnik"
- References
- Ternary Dialectical Informatics
- Introduction
- Mathematical Considerations
- Carroll Logic
- Mathematical Details
- References
- Establishing a Computer Industry in the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus
- Introduction
- Before the Minsk Computers
- Birth of the Minsk Machine
- The Minsk-2 Series of Computers
- The Minsk-3 Series of Computers
- Conclusion
- References
- Some Aspects on Computing Means Development Philosophy
- Introduction
- Computing Means and Storage Capacity
- Computing Means and Programming
- Introspection
- Multi-processing
- External Influences
- Conclusion
- The Algorithmic "Computer"
- Introduction
- The Language Project
- Features of the Algorithmic "Computer"
- Kinds of Records
- Operations List Carried Out by the Arithmetic Processor
- Instruction Structure
- Features of the Managing Device
- Some System Statistics
- Summary Remarks
- Academician Andrei Ershov and His Archive
- Introduction
- Building the Archive
- The Alpha Compiler
- Comments and Correspondence
- Non-computing Areas
- Conclusion
- References
- The START Project
- The Beginning
- Work
- Results
- Opinions of Participants about START
- References
- The MRAMOR Workstation
- Introduction
- The Project
- Main Features
- Considerations
- Construction
- Requirements
- Architecture
- Physical Considerations
- The Publication Preparation System
- Conclusion
- References
- Mixed Computation in Novosibirsk
- Futamura Projections - Andrei Ershov
- Algebra of Mixed Computation - Vladimir Itkin
- Parser Specialization - Boris Ostrovsky
- The Limanchik Summer School on Mixed Computation
- Polyvariant Mixed Computation - Mikhail Bulyonkov
- Partial Evaluation and Compilation Phases - Guntis Barzdin
- The M2Mix - Dmitry Kochetov
- Binding-Time Improvement
- Postscriptum
- References
- The Zelenograd Center of Microelectronics
- Introduction
- Preconditions
- Trailblazers
- The Decree
- The Center of Microelectronics
- The First Results
- Modular: The Super Computer
- Modular Arithmetic
- Super-Computer "T-340?" and "K-340?"
- Super-Computer "Almaz"
- Super-Computer "5E53"
- Destiny of Modular Arithmetic
- The Microprocessors, Mini- and Micro-computers with Architecture "Electronics NC" in Zelenograd
- Mini-computers and Mini-systems
- Electronics NC
- Electronics NC-1
- DSC "Jurjuzan"
- CAC «Svjaz-1»
- Microprocessors
- Micro-computers and Micro-systems
- Electronics NC-01
- Electronics NC-02, ??-02?
- Electronics NC-03T, NC-03D, and NC-03S
- Electronics NC-04T, -04U
- Electronics NC-05T
- Electronics NC-31
- Electronics NC-32
- Electronics «Tonus NC-01»
- Electronics NC-80T
- Electronics NC-8001
- Electronics NC-8020
- Electronics NC-8010
- Fund Collection: "Electronic Digital Computing Machines" at the Polytechnic Museum
- Introduction
- The Fund Collection
- Generation of Machines
- Special Machines and Recognition
- Curator Activity and Scientific Research
- Some Reflections
- An Open Adaptive Virtual Museum of Informatics History in Siberia
- Introduction
- Objectives of the SVM Project
- Architecture of SVM
- Tours and Exhibits
- Halls and Some Nomenclature
- Users of SVM
- Conclusion
- References
- The History of Computers and Computing in Virtual Museums
- Introduction
- The Russian Virtual Computer Museum
- Other Russian Projects
- Russian Computers Abroad
- Computer Museums in Different Countries
- Museums of the Internet
- Computer Development in the Socialist Countries: Members of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA)
- Introduction
- German Democratic Republic (GDR)
- Czechoslovakia
- Hungary
- Poland
- Bulgaria
- Romania, Cuba, Mongolia, and Viet-Nam
- References
- On the History of Computer Algebra at the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics
- Introduction
- Applications in Computer Algebra
- REFAL and Its Use
- A New Era
- References
- Novosibirsk Young Programmers' School: A Way to Success and Future Development
- Formation
- School Informatics - The Beginning
- Young Programmers' Schools
- Summer Young Programmers' Schools
- The Ershov Summer School of Young Programmers Today
- Workshop as a Basis of the Teaching Process
- Workshop Life
- Efficiency of the Summer Young Programmers School
- References
- "Lions - Marchuk": The Soviet-French Cooperation in Computing
- Introduction
- «Détente, entente et coopération»
- Akademgorodok CC - INRIA
- Lions - Marchuk Cooperation
- Conclusion
- References
- Information and Communication Technology Education Based on the Russian State Educational Standard of "Applied Mathematics and Informatics"
- Introduction
- Motivation to Use the Standards Family "Applied Mathematics and Informatics"
- Characterization of Standards Family 01050{0|1} - "Applied Mathematics and Informatics"
- Comparative Temporal Characteristics of Bodies of Knowledge Cores
- The Bachelor Direction 010500 Use Experience in Mathematical Faculty of Petrozavodsk State University
- Conclusion
- References
- Cooperation among Institutions of the Soviet Union and Cuba: Accomplishments between 1972 and 1990
- Introduction
- Development of the EC in Cuba Before Its Admission to COMECOM
- Computing in Cuba Before 1 January 1959
- First Steps: The 1959-1967 Period
- The Essential Conditions Were Created: The 1968-1971 Period
- Main Characteristics and Accomplishments of Cooperation Work in EC between the Institutions of the FSU and Cuba (1972-1990)
- EC Tendencies at the Beginning of the Socialist Collaboration
- First Steps in the EC Collaboration between the FSU and Cuba
- Main Projects and Joint Outcomes
- Conclusion
- References
- Teaching Computer Science in Moscow Universities: Evolution for Forty Years
- Early Period of Computer Education
- Back to Dialogue
- Post-'Perestroika' Development
- Contemporary Problems of IT-Education
- On Teaching Computer Science at Moscow State University
- References
- Kronos: Processor Family for High-Level Languages
- Background
- The Kronos Project
- Kronos Processors Architecture
- Kronos 2.X Processor Family
- Excelsior Operating System
- Open System Interface and Scalability
- Modularity
- Ease of Integration
- User-Friendly Interface
- Conclusion
- Afterword
- References
- Author Index
