Particle Cosmology and Astrophysics

Name: Particle Cosmology and Astrophysics
Brand: University of Pennsylvania Press, Inc.
Price: 72.99 EUR
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Dan Hooper(Autor*in)

University of Pennsylvania Press, Inc.

Erschienen am 14. Mai 2024

424 Seiten

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Inhalt

Cover
Contents
Foreword: Edward W. Kolb and Michael Turner
Constants, Parameters, and Reference Tables
Frequently Used Equations
Preface
I: Preliminaries
1. Our Universe
1.1. A brief history of our universe
1.2. The empirical pillars of modern cosmology
1.3. Cosmic concordance
1.4. Open questions and outstanding puzzles
2. General Relativity and the Friedmann Equations
2.1. Spacetime and the metric
2.2. Tensor notation in general relativity
2.3. The friedmann equations
2.4. Matter, radiation, and pressure
2.5. Static universes and the cosmological constant
2.6. The evolution of energy
2.7. The expansion history of the universe
2.8. Distances in an expanding universe
Problems
3. A Crash Course in Particle Physics
3.1. The Standard Model of particle physics
3.2. Feynman diagrams
3.3. Conservation laws
3.4. Phase transitions in the Standard Model
3.5. Amplitudes
3.6. Relativistic kinematics and four-vectors
3.7. Decays and scattering
Problems
4. Thermodynamics for Cosmologists
4.1. Equilibrium thermodynamics
4.2. Entropy
4.3. Chemical potentials
4.4. Departures from equilibrium
4.5. Neutrino decoupling
4.6. Evolution after decoupling
4.7. The boltzmann equation
Problems
5. The Interactions of High-Energy Particles in Astrophysics
5.1. Interactions of high-energy electrons
5.2. Interactions of high-energy nucleons and nuclei
5.3. Interactions of high-energy photons
Problems
II: Cosmology
6. Recombination and Photon Decoupling
6.1. Photon scattering
6.2. The ionization history of the early universe
6.3. Reionization
6.4. The surface of last scattering
Problems
7. The Cosmic Microwave Background
7.1. The spectrum of the CMB
7.2. Temperature anisotropies
7.3. The angular power spectrum of the CMB
7.4. The evolution of density perturbations
7.5. Features of the CMB's angular power spectrum
7.6. Extracting cosmological parameters
7.7. CMB polarization
7.8. The current state of CMB measurements
7.9. Dark radiation
Problems
8. Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
8.1. Proton and neutron freeze out
8.2. Nuclear abundances in equilibrium
8.3. From nucleons to helium
8.4. Beyond helium
8.5. The primordial element abundances
8.6. BBN as a probe of exotic physics
Problems
9. Dark Matter
9.1. Dynamical evidence for dark matter
9.2. MACHOs and gravitational microlensing
9.3. What about modified gravity?
9.4. Requirements of a dark matter candidate
9.5. The abundance of a thermal relic
9.6. Asymmetric dark matter
9.7. Nonthermal production mechanisms
Problems
10. The Formation of Large-Scale Structure
10.1. Gravitational collapse
10.2. Pressure and the Jeans length
10.3. The evolution of structure in an expanding universe
10.4. The matter power spectrum
10.5. From density perturbations to dark matter halos
10.6. Hot, warm, and cold dark matter
10.7. Baryon acoustic oscillations
10.8. Adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations
Problems
11. Neutrino Masses and Oscillations
11.1. Neutrino masses
11.2. Neutrino mixing and oscillations
11.3. Neutrino oscillations in the presence of matter
Problems
12. Baryogenesis and Leptogenesis
12.1. The matter-antimatter asymmetry
12.2. The Sakharov conditions
12.3. Baryogenesis in grand unified theories
12.4. Sphalerons
12.5. Baryogenesis via leptogenesis
12.6. Electroweak baryogenesis
12.7. Topological defects
Problems
13. Inflation
13.1. Motivations for inflation
13.2. A common solution: accelerated expansion
13.3. The dynamics of a slowly rolling scalar field
13.4. Primordial perturbations from inflation
13.5. Gravitational waves and primordial B-modes
13.6. Examples of inflationary models
13.7. Reheating
13.8. Present and future probes of inflation
13.9. Eternal inflation
Problems
14. Dark Energy
14.1. The cosmological constant problem
14.2. Dark energy and accelerating expansion
14.3. Dynamical dark energy
14.4. Observational probes of dark energy
14.5. Dark energy and the anthropic principle
Problems
III: Particle Astrophysics
15. Cosmic Rays
15.1. The cosmic-ray spectrum
15.2. Cosmic-ray propagation
15.3. Cosmic-ray acceleration
15.4. Ultra-high energy cosmic rays
Problems
16. Gamma-Ray and Neutrino Astrophysics
16.1 Why gamma rays?Why neutrinos?
16.2. The astrophysical production and propagation of gamma rays
16.3. The astrophysical production and propagation of neutrinos
16.4. Astrophysical sources of high-energy gamma rays and neutrinos
Problems
17. Particle Dark Matter Candidates
17.1. Supersymmetric dark matter
17.2. Sterile neutrinos
17.3. Axions
17.4. Dark matter in hidden sectors
Problems
18. Direct Dark Matter Searches
18.1. Dark matter scattering with nuclei
18.2. Dark matter scattering cross sections
18.3. Direct detection constraints and their impact
18.4. Axion detection
Problems
19. Searches for Dark Matter Annihilation and Decay
19.1. Motivations for indirect searches
19.2. Dark matter annihilation and the CMB
19.3. Gamma rays from dark matter annihilation
19.4. Cosmic rays from dark matter annihilation
19.5. Decaying dark matter
Problems
20. Collider Physics for Astronomers
20.1. Why collide particles?
20.2. Electron and proton colliders
20.3. Particle detection at the LHC
20.4. Cross sections and event rates at the LHC
20.5. The LHC and the early universe
Problems
Bibliography
Solutions to Selected Problems
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

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