Handbook of Paper and Board

Volume 1

PREFACE

INTRODUCTION
Paper and Board Today
Paper and Board Manufacturing - an Overview
Economic Aspects
Historical Background and General Aspects
A Philosophy of Papermaking: Life Lessons on the Formation of Paper and People

FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR PAPER AND BOARD MANUFACTURE
Overview
Chemical Pulp
Mechanical Pulp
Recovered Paper, Recycled Fibers
Wood Pulp Fiber Suspensions

MINERAL FILLERS IN PAPERMAKING
History of the Use of Mineral Fillers in Papermaking
Global Mineral Consumption in the Paper and Board Industry
Why Use Mineral Fillers in Paper and Board?
Filler Loading Increase via Surface Application
Choice of Fillers
Characterization of Fillers
Main Mineral Fillers
Specialty Filler Pigments
Preservation of Pigment Slurries
Outlook

FUNCTIONAL CHEMICALS
Overview
Starches in Papermaking
Colorants
Optical Brightening Agents (OBA), Fluorescent Whitening Agents (FWAs)
Sizing Agents
Wet-Strength Resins (WSR) and Dry Strength Resins (DSR)
Properties of Specialty Papers and Related Chemical Additives

COATING COLORS - COMPONENTS, MAKE DOWN, AND PROPERTIES
Overview
Coating Color Components
Properties of Coating Colors
Coating Color Preparation

PROCESS CHEMICALS
Overview
Aluminum Compounds
Retention Aids and Drainage Accelerators
Fixatives and Charge Control
Deposit Control and Biocides
Defoamers and Deaerators
Chelating Agents
Additives for Repulping
Deinking Additives
Cleaning Agents and Fabric Conditioning
Internal Water and Effluent Treatment
Interactions of Chemical Additives

UNIT OPERATIONS
Overview
Fiber Materials Feeding
Disintegration
Screening
Centrifugal Cleaning
Selective Flotation
Nonselective Flotation (Dissolved Air Flotation DAF)
Fractionation
Dewatering
Washing
Mixing and Storing
Bleaching of Secondary Fibers
Refining
Dispersion

SYSTEMS FOR FIBER STOCK PREPARATION
Objectives
Historical Review of Stock Preparation Systems
Systems for Primary Fiber Preparation
Systems for Secondary Fiber Preparation
Systems for Broke Treatment
Peripheral Systems in Secondary Fiber Preparation
Process Engineering and Automation

THE INTEGRATED RECYCLED PAPER MILL (IRPM)
Environmental Aspects and Profitability
Subsystems and Peripheral Systems of the Integrated Recycled Paper Mill
Subsystems for Water, Reject, and Sludge (WSR)
Water Circuits
Reject Systems
Sludge Dewatering Systems
Wastewater
Reject and Residual Disposal, Waste to Energy, Replacement Fuels for Incineration

PAPER AND BOARD MACHINES AND THEIR COMPONENTS
Overview
Rolls in Paper and Board Machines
Roll Covers and Coatings

Volume 2

FABRICS FOR PAPER AND BOARD PRODUCTION
Forming Fabrics
Press Felts
Dryer Fabrics
Fabrics in Operation
Changing of Fabrics

APPROACH FLOW SYSTEM
Definition and Tasks of the Approach Flow System
Metering and Mixing of the Stock Components and Feed to the Headbox
Final Cleaning and Screening
Air in the Papermaking Process and Its Removal
Further Aspects
Approach Flow Design

HEADBOX
Overview and Principle Aspects
Historical Review
State-of-the-Art Headboxes
Influence of Operational and Design Parameters on Technological Results

WIRE SECTION
Overview and Theoretical Aspects
Historical Review
State-of-the-Art Web Forming Designs
Machine Elements
Wires
Operational and Technological Aspects

PRESS SECTION
Introduction
Theoretical Aspects of Press Dewatering
State-of-the-Art Press Sections
Historical Review
Further Approaches in Pressing
Operational and Technological Aspects
Impact of Wet Pressing on Paper Surface Properties

DRYER SECTION
Overview
Drying Principles and Basics
Basics Related to Paper Drying
Dryer Sections

SURFACE SIZING AND COATING
Surface Sizing
Coating
Coated Paper and Board Grades

CALENDERING
Objective and General Description of the Calendering Process
History of Calendering
The Different Calender Types
The Main Calendering Methods for Various Paper and Board Grades

REELING
Objectives and B