difficult, to represent it as the surgeon sees it, and to understand the anat omy, which is not always visible. In part, this was accomplished by paint ing on both surfaces of transparent paper to create the illusion of looking through superficial layers to the deeper structures. A combination of color media, including colored pencil, graphite, carbon, pastels, and transparent and opaque watercolors, enabled me to convey the field with minimal loss of reality or dimension. Of equal importance was the availability, for every illustration, of direct surgical observation, surgical photographs, fresh specimens, and the surgical instruments. The sequence of creation was first the discus sion of desired illustrations, then a rough sketch, consultation with the surgeons, finished pencil drawing, another consultation, and finally the color rendering. These color renderings were then checked against actual surgery for accuracy in representation of tissues, instrumentation, tissue responses to manipulation, and consistency of representation. From these processes evolved a technique that facilitated the flow of information, in logical sequence, from one step to the next and from one procedure to another, always focusing the attention of the audience toward what is pertinent and away from the extraneous.
Reihe
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Illustrationen
Dateigröße
ISBN-13
978-1-4684-0076-2 (9781468400762)
DOI
10.1007/978-1-4684-0076-2
Schweitzer Klassifikation
1 Preoperative Preparation.- Routine Preparation.- Medication Management.- Patient and Family Preparation.- 2 Anesthesia for Cardiac Surgery.- Monitoring.- Premedication.- Myocardial Protection: The Anesthesiologist's Role.- Anesthetic Agents.- Paralyzing Agent.- Vasodilators.- Anesthetic Methods.- 3 Basic Surgical Technique.- Dissection.- Suturing.- Additional Factors Affecting Technical Performance.- 4 Preparation for Cardiopulmonary Bypass.- Skin Preparation and Draping.- Median Sternotomy.- Cannulation.- 5 Conduct of Cardiopulmonary Bypass.- Standard Bypass.- Profound Hypothermia and Circulatory Arrest.- 6 Myocardial Preservation.- Operative (Mechanical) Coronary Perfusion.- Normothermic Ischemic Arrest.- Ischemia Modified by Topical Hypothermia.- Cold Cardioplegic Arrest.- 7 Postoperative Care.- Routine Monitoring.- Routine Therapy.- Problems.- 8 Low Cardiac Output: Pathophysiology and Treatment.- Determinants of Cardiac Output.- Manipulation of Preload.- Manipulation of Afterload.- Manipulation of Myocardial Contractility.- Indications for Intraaortic Balloon Conterpulsation.- Technique of Intraaortic Balloon Insertion.- 9 Coronary Artery Surgery.- Coronary Artery Anatomy.- Coronary Arteriography.- Noninvasive Methods of Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease.- Indications for Surgery.- Surgical Strategy.- Surgical Technique.- Results.- 10 Mitral Valve Surgery.- Commissurotomy.- Valvuloplasty/Anuloplasty.- Replacement.- 11 Patent Ductus Arteriosus.- Indications for Surgery.- Surgical Strategy.- Surgical Anatomy.- Surgical Technique.- 12 Coarctation of the Aorta.- Indications for Surgery.- Surgical Strategy.- Surgical Anatomy.- Surgical Technique.- Postoperative Paradoxical Hypertension.- Results.- 13 Systemic-Pulmonary Shunts.- History.- Blalock-Taussig Shunt.-Waterston Shunt.- Alternative Shunts.
