Scallops

Table of Contents Dedication vPreface viiPreface from first edition ixList of contributors xi Chapter 1. New Phylogenies of the Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia): Reconciling Morphological and Molecular ApproachesThomas R. Waller 1.1 Introduction 11.1.1 Molecular genetic studies 11.1.2 Methods and materials 71.2 New observations 101.2.1 Subfamily Camptonectinae Habe, 1977 101.2.2 Subfamily Palliolinae Korobkov in Eberzin, 1960 101.2.2.1 Tribe Pseudentoliini, new tribe 121.2.2.2 Tribe Adamussiini Habe, 1977 131.2.2.3 Tribe Eburneopectinini, new tribe 141.2.2.4 Tribe Serripectinini, new tribe 151.2.2.5 Tribe Palliolini Korobkov in Eberzin, 1960 171.2.2.6 Tribe Mesopeplini, new tribe 201.2.3 Origins of the Decatopecten and Pecten Groups 221.2.4 Eastern Atlantic Pecten 281.3 Conclusions 30Acknowledgments 32References 32Appendix 43 Chapter 2. Development, Physiology, Behaviour and Ecology of Scallop LarvaeSimon M. Cragg 2.1 Introduction 452.2 Scallop life history characteristics 452.3 Larval development 552.3.1 Embryogenesis 552.3.2 Development of the larval shell 562.3.3 Organogenesis 592.3.3.1 Development of ciliation, the prototroch and the velum 592.3.3.2 Larval mantle 642.3.3.3 Musculature 642.3.3.4 Digestive tract 682.3.3.5 Sense organs 682.3.3.6 Apical organ 682.3.3.7 Statocysts 732.3.3.8 Eye spots 732.3.3.9 Mantle ciliation 742.3.3.10 Foot 772.3.3.11 Nervous system 782.3.3.12 Other organs 792.3.4 Metamorphosis 792.4 Comparative anatomy 812.5 Functional morphology 842.5.1 Locomotion 842.5.2 Feeding 852.5.3 Respiration 852.5.4 Sensory reception 862.6 Physiology and effects of environmental variables 872.6.1 Energy reserves and feeding 872.6.2 Respiration 882.6.3 Growth 892.6.4 Biochemical events during metamorphosis 902.7 Behaviour and larval distribution 902.7.1 Characteristics of locomotion during larval development 902.7.2 Responses to stimuli 912.7.3 Distribution of larvae 942.7.4 Development and the larval environment 982.7.5 Tolerance of environmental variables 992.8 Rearing methods 1012.8.1 Spawning and manipulation of zygotes 1012.8.2 Feeding 1022.8.3 Control of disease in cultures 1032.8.4 Collection of spat from wild stocks 104References 105 Chapter 3. Structure and Function in ScallopsPeter G. Beninger and Marcel Le Pennec 3.1 Introduction 1233.1.1 An overview of the scallop body 1233.2 The mantle and its derivatives 1263.2.