Key Congressional Reports for October 2019. Part VI

Name: Key Congressional Reports for October 2019. Part VI
Brand: Nova Science Publishers Inc
Price: 100.99 EUR
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Muller Dominik(Herausgeber*in)

Nova Science Publishers Inc

Erschienen am 27. März 2020

418 Seiten

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Inhalt

Intro
Contents
Preface
Government Operations
Chapter 1
Overview of Continuing Appropriations for FY2020 (P.L. 116-59)(
Summary
Introduction
Coverage, Duration, and Rate
Coverage
Duration
Rate
The CR and the Statutory Discretionary Spending Limits
Background
FY2020
Agency-, Account-, and Program-Specific Provisions
Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies
Section 101(1)-Rural Water and Waste Disposal Direct Loan Program
Section 116-Disaster Assistance for Sugar Beet Processors
Section 117-Specialty Crop Research Initiative
Section 118-Summer Food for Children Demonstrations Projects
Section 119-Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC)
Section 120-Hemp Production Program
Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
Section 101(2)-Assets Forfeiture Fund
Section 121-U.S. International Trade Commission
Section 122-Bureau of the Census
Department of Defense
Section 102-Prohibition on 'New Starts' and Increasing
Production Rates
Section 123-Advance Billing Exemption for Background Investigations
Section 124-Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative
Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies
Section 125-Colorado River Basins Power Marketing Fund
Section 126-Calfed Bay-Delta Act Extension
Financial Services and General Government
Section 127-Committee on Foreign Investment in the United State
Section 128-District of Columbia
Section 129-Office of Personnel Management
Section 130-Small Business Administration (SBA)
Section 131-SBA Disaster Loan Program
Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
Section 101(6)-Immigration Authorization Extensions
Section 132-Special Apportionment, Secret Service
Section 133-FEMA Disaster Relief Fund
Section 134-National Flood Insurance Program
Section 135-Restructuring of the Working Capital Fund
Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies
Section 136-Indian Health Service
Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies
Section 137-Strategic National Stockpile
Section 138-Ebola Transfer Authority
Section 139-National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity
Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies
Section 140-Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans
State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs
Section 101(11)-Exclusion of Provision on Unobligated
Ebola Funding
Section 141-Export-Import Bank
Section 142-Commission on International Religious Freedom
Departments of Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies
Section 143-Federal Transit Administration, Capital Investment Grants
Section 144-Mass Transit Account, Highway Trust Fund
Section 145-Housing for the Elderly
Other Provisions
Sections 108 and 112-Apportionment
Section 111(b)-Mandatory Payments
Chapter 2
Federal Workforce Statistics Sources: OPM and OMB(
Summary
Introduction
Comparing Methodologies: On-Board Personnel Versus Full-Time Equivalents
Method 1: Full-Time Equivalent Employment (OMB)
Method 2: On-board Employment (OPM)
Office of Personnel Management
FedScope
Employment and Trends
Common Characteristics of Government
Sizing Up the Executive Branch of the Federal Workforce
Office of Management and Budget
Budget of the United States
Analytical Perspectives
Appendix
Historical Tables
Consideration of Sources
Global Health
Chapter 3
Global Vaccination: Trends and U.S. Role(
Summary
Introduction
Global Vaccine Coverage
Global Efforts to Decrease VPDs Among Children
UNICEF
WHO
GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance
Factors Affecting Immunization Coverage
Vaccine Hesitancy and Stigma
Geographic Location
Poverty, Socioeconomic Status, and Social Determinants of Health
Fragile and Conflict Settings
U.S. Role and Funding
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
U.S. Funding for Multilateral Initiatives
GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance
U.S. Contributions to GAVI
Outlook and Issues for Congress
International Affairs
Chapter 4
Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress (Updated)(
Summary
Recent Developments
Abe Wins Another Parliamentary Victory, Likely to Be Premier Until 2021
President Trump Declares Auto Imports National Security Threat
Trade Tensions Appear to Be Mitigated as New Bilateral Agreement Announced
Japan's Relations with South Korea Plummet, Drawing U.S. Concern
Japan's Climate Policy under a Spotlight
Japan's Foreign Policy and U.S.-Japan Relations
U.S.-Japan Relations in the Trump Presidency
Abe's Leadership
Abe and Historical Issues
China and Japan Look to Stabilize Relations
Territorial Dispute with China in the East China Sea
Japan and the Korean Peninsula
Japan's Ties with South Korea
Comfort Women Issue
Japan's North Korea Policy
Cracks Emerge on North Korean Policy
Renewed Relations with India, Australia, and ASEAN
Japan-Russia Relations
U.S. World-War II-Era Prisoners of War (POWs)
Energy and Environmental Issues
Nuclear Energy Policy
Alliance Issues
Mutual Defense Guidelines
Collective Self-Defense
Realignment of the U.S. Military Presence on Okinawa
Burden-Sharing Issues
Host Nation Support
Additional Japanese Contributions
Extended Deterrence
Economic Issues
Overview of the Bilateral Economic Relationship
Japan's Growing Economy and Abenomics
Emphasis on "Womenomics"
U.S. Tariffs under the Trump Administration
U.S.-Japan Bilateral Trade Agreement Negotiations
Japanese Politics
The LDP Coalition's Control over the Diet
The Stabilization of Japanese Politics Around the LDP
Japan's Largest Opposition Party, the Constitutional Democratic Party (CDP) of Japan
Japan's Demographic Challenge
Chapter 5
U.S.-China Tariff Actions by the Numbers(
Overview
Timeline of Key Actions, Affected Trade, and Tariff Increases
U.S. Goods Imports Covered by Tariff Actions
Chinese Goods Imports Covered by Tariff Actions
Conclusion
National Defense
Chapter 6
Gun Control: National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) Operations and Related Legislation(
Summary
Introduction
Federal Firearms Statutes
Firearms and Ammunition Ineligibility
Firearms Commerce as a Business
Private Party Transfers
ATF Form 4473, Firearms Transaction Record
1993 Brady Act and Background Checks
NICS Process under Federal Law
NICS Responses
NICS-Queried Computer Systems and Files
NICS Participation: POCs and Non-POCs
NICS Transactions, November 30, 1998, through 2018
FBI NICS Section Brady Denials Appealed and Overturned
NICS Denials and Firearm Retrieval Actions
NICS Section Budget
Improving NICS Access to Prohibiting Records
116th Congress and NICS Operations-Related Legislation
The Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8)
Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 1112)
Violence against Women Reauthorization Act of 2019 (H.R. 1585)
Qualifying Domestic Violence Protection Order (DVPO)
Qualifying Misdemeanor Conviction of Domestic Violence (MCDV)
"Intimate Partner" Definition
"Misdemeanor Crime of Stalking"
"Protection Orders" or "Court-Order Restraints"
Appendix A. FBI and POC Firearms-Related Background Checks Pursuant to the Brady Act
FBI NICS Section Checks and Denials, November 30, 1998, through 2018
State and Local POC Background Checks and Denials, November 30, 1998, through 2015
Appendix B. NICS-Queried Computer Systems and Files
Interstate Identification Index (III)
National Crime Information Center (NCIC)
NICS Indices
Appendix C. ATF-Certified Permanent Brady Permits
Appendix D. ATF-Certified State Relief from Disabilities Statutes
Chapter 7
MHS Genesis: Background and Issues for Congress(
Summary
Introduction
Background
Brief History of DOD's Electronic Health Record (EHR)
DOD Legacy EHR Systems
Composite Health Care System (CHCS)
Armed Forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application (AHLTA)
Essentris
Corporate Dental System (CDS)
Paper Medical Records
Congress Mandates Interoperability
Establishing Interoperability Goals
The Integrated EHR Initiative
Congressional Mandate for an EHR
MHS Genesis
DOD Acquisition Strategy
Requirements Development and Solicitation
Source Selection Process
Contract Award
Leidos Partnership for Defense Health (LPDH)
Capabilities
Governance
Program Executive Office, Defense Healthcare Management Systems (PEO DHMS)
Defense Health Agency (DHA)
Military Service Medical Departments
Senior Stakeholders Group (SSG) and the Configuration Steering Board (CSB)
Executive Steering Board (ESB)
Office of the Chief Health Informatics Officer (OCHIO)
Deployment
Pre-Deployment Activities
Initial Deployment
EMRAM Findings
IOT&E Findings
Selected Initial Deployment Issues
Trouble Ticket Backlog
Lengthy Issue Resolution Process
Inadequate Staff Training
Capability Gaps and Limitations
Future Deployments
Issues for Congress
Congressional Oversight
Interagency Governance
Limited Competition in Future Procurement
Appendix A. Glossary of Acronyms
Appendix B. MHS Genesis Functional Capability Requirements
Appendix C. Stages of Electronic Medical Record Adoption and Utilization
Appendix D. IOT&E Summary Results
Appendix E. Methodology for CRS Focus Groups on MHS Genesis
Background
Methodology
Madigan Army Medical Center
Naval Hospital Bremerton
Puyallup Community Medical Home
Appendix F. MHS Genesis Deployment Schedule
Appendix G. DOD and VA EHR Joint Commitment Statement
Natural Resources
Chapter 8
U.S. Offshore Aquaculture Regulation and Development(
Summary
Introduction
Background
Seafood Production
Aquaculture Overview
Offshore Aquaculture
Federal Government Involvement in Aquaculture
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Department of the Interior
Department of Commerce
Offshore Aquaculture Challenges
Current Regulatory Framework
Federal Permits to Conduct Aquaculture in the Federal Waters
Section 10 Permits
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit
Fishing (Aquaculture) Permit
Federal Consultation and Review Requirements
Coastal Zone Management Act
National Environmental Policy Act
Endangered Species Act and Marine Mammal Protection Act
MSA Essential Fish Habitat
National Marine Sanctuary Act
National Historic Preservation Act
Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act
Other Authorizations and Approvals
Environmental Concerns
Fish Waste
Fish Diseases
Drugs and Other Chemicals
Escapes, Genetic Concerns, and Invasive Species
Interactions with Other Species
Aquaculture Feeds and Related Issues
Feed Production and Use
Conversion of Aquaculture Feed to Fish Flesh
Substitutes for Fish Meal and Oil
Fish Health
Human Health and Preferences
Sustainability Concerns
Economics, International Conditions, and Stakeholder Concerns
Factors Related to the Economic Viability of Offshore Aquaculture
Demand
Supply
Private Benefits and Externalities
International Factors and Domestic Experiences
Trade
U.S. Experiences
Offshore Development in Other Countries
Stakeholder Concerns and Aquaculture Development
Institutional Needs and Industry Support
Regulatory Framework for Offshore Aquaculture
Lead Agency
Permits and Leases
Conditions of Use
Other Management Entities
Federal Support for Offshore Aquaculture
Potential Issues for Congress
Congressional Actions
116th Congress
115th Congress
Congressional Actions Prior to the 115th Congress
Conclusion
The Arts
Chapter 9
The Congressional Arts Caucus and the Congressional Art Competition: History and Current Practice(
Summary
History
Congressional Arts Caucus
Congressional Art Competition
Legislation
Recent Exhibit History
Administrative and Financial Support
Current Operating Practice and Procedures for the Congressional Art Competition
Prizes and Scholarships
Appendix A. Letters Establishing the Congressional Art Competition
Appendix B. Congressional Art Competition Sample Forms
Appendix C. Congressional Art Competition Leadership
Index
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