
Key Congressional Reports for October 2019. Part III
Beschreibung
Weitere Details
Weitere Ausgaben
Inhalt
- Intro
- Contents
- Preface
- Business and Finance
- Chapter 1
- Financial Inclusion and Credit Access Policy Issues(
- Summary
- Introduction
- Financial Inclusion Overview
- Financial Product Access and Financial Well-Being
- Access to Checking and Other Banking Accounts
- The Unbanked and Underbanked
- Checking and Savings Accounts: Banking Economics
- Banking Account Alternatives
- Access to Emergency Savings and Savings Accounts
- Possible Policy Responses
- Access to the Credit Reporting System
- Credit Invisibles and Unscorables
- Barriers to Entering the Credit System
- Expanding Credit Visibility Policy Issues
- Expanding Use of Currently Reported Products
- Using Alternative Data in Credit Reports
- Access to Affordable Small-Dollar Credit
- Access to Traditional Bank Credit Products
- Credit Alternative Financial Products
- New Technology and Market Developments
- Possible Policy Responses
- Conclusion
- Foreign Policy
- Chapter 2
- Millennium Challenge Corporation: Overview and Issues(
- Summary
- Introduction
- Structure and Organization
- MCC Programs
- MCC Compacts
- Threshold Programs
- MCC Compact Life Cycle
- Country Selection Process
- Candidate Country Identification
- Determining Selection Criteria and Methodology
- Selection for Compact Eligibility
- Compact Development
- Compact Implementation
- Compact Closure and Evaluation
- Compact Suspension and Termination
- Recent Developments
- MCC Advisory Council
- Economic Advisory Council
- Country Selection-FY2019
- Anticipated Compacts in FY2019-2020
- Funding Trends
- Selected Issues for Congress
- Expanding MCC Compact Partnership Arrangements
- Multicountry Regional Compacts
- Subnational Partnerships
- Subsequent Compacts
- Interagency and Private-Sector Partnerships
- Candidate Country Income Categories
- Compact Evaluation
- Impact Measurement
- ERR Forecasting
- Indirect Impacts
- Ensuring Sustainability
- Corruption
- Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction
- Outlook
- Appendix A. Past and Active MCC Compacts at a Glance
- Appendix B. Active Compact Descriptions
- Benin II
- Côte d'Ivoire
- El Salvador II
- Ghana II
- Liberia
- Mongolia II
- Morocco II
- Nepal
- Niger
- Senegal II
- Sri Lanka
- Appendix C. Active Threshold Programs
- Guatemala
- Kosovo
- Sierra Leone
- Togo
- Appendix D. MCC Performance Indicators FY2019
- Government Operations
- Chapter 3
- The National Popular Vote (NPV) Initiative: Direct Election of the President by Interstate Compact(
- Summary
- Introduction
- The Electoral College in Brief
- The National Popular Vote Initiative: Background
- Electoral College Reform, 1948-1979: Three Decades of Unsuccessful Efforts to Propose a Constitutional Amendment
- The Elections of 2000 and 2016 and Electoral College Reform
- Bypassing Constitutional Amendment Procedures to Attain Direct Popular Election: Emergence of the National Popular Vote Concept
- The National Popular Vote (NPV) Initiative
- How the NPV Would Work
- Managing the NPV Campaign: National Popular Vote Inc.
- Current Status of the NPV Compact: Progress, Prospects, Opposition, and Opinion
- NPV Compact Member States: October 2019
- Advocacy Group Opposition
- Proposals to Repeal NPV Affiliation in Member States
- 2020 Colorado Referendum on the National Popular Vote Compact
- The NPV: A "Blue State" Phenomenon?
- Support for Direct Popular Election and the NPV Compact: Trends in Survey Research Findings
- Direct Popular Election of the President as a General Proposal
- The National Popular Vote Initiative
- The National Popular Vote Initiative: Pro and Con
- Arguments Favoring the NPV Compact
- Arguments Opposing the NPV Compact
- National Popular Vote: Legal Issues
- The NPV Initiative as an Interstate Compact
- The NPV Initiative and Article II of the Constitution
- The NPV Compact and the Voting Rights Act
- Conclusion
- Homeland Security
- Chapter 4
- Legal Authority to Repurpose Funds for Border Barrier Construction*
- Summary
- Introduction
- Legal Authorities Cited by the Trump Administration
- Department of Homeland Security Authority
- The National Emergencies Act and Military Construction Funds
- The National Emergencies Act
- Military Construction Funds
- Department of Defense Authorities
- Section 284
- Sections 8005 and 9002 of the 2019 DOD Appropriations Act
- Treasury Forfeiture Fund
- The Border Barrier Litigation
- Legal Arguments and Judicial Decisions Regarding the Trump Administration's Efforts to Fund Additional Barrier Deployments
- Section 8005
- The Northern District of California's Sierra Club Decision
- The Ninth Circuit's Sierra Club Decision
- Section 284
- Department of Homeland Security Waiver Authority
- Treasury Forfeiture Fund
- Reprogramming of Funds During National Emergency
- The El Paso County Challenge to the President's Declaration of a National Emergency
- The Challenge to the Use of Section 2808 Considered in Sierra Club
- Procedural Barriers to Lawsuits Challenging Border Barrier Funding
- Standing
- Cause of Action and Zone of Interests
- The Supreme Court's Order
- Considerations for Congress
- Pending Legislation
- Comptroller General Opinion
- International Affairs
- Chapter 5
- Human Rights in China and U.S. Policy: Issues for the 116th Congress(
- Summary
- Human Rights Developments in China
- Overview
- New Laws and Policies
- Freedom of Speech
- New Surveillance Technologies
- Labor Rights and Student Activism
- China, Global Human Rights, and the United Nations
- Religious and Ethnic Minority Policies
- Christians
- Falun Gong
- Tibetans
- Uyghurs
- Mass Internment of Uyghurs
- Hui Muslims
- U.S. Efforts to Advance Human Rights in China
- Human Rights and U.S.-China Relations
- U.S. Policy Evolution
- Trump Administration Policy
- Policy Options and Tools
- Human Rights and Democracy Foreign Assistance Programs
- National Endowment for Democracy Grants
- International Broadcasting
- Sanctions
- Sanctions on Individuals
- Designations and Actions Pursuant to the International Religious Freedom Act
- Visa Sanctions Pursuant to the Reciprocal Access to Tibet Act
- Export Controls
- Multilateral Diplomacy
- Legislative Law
- Chapter 6
- Congressional Access to Information in an Impeachment Investigation(
- Summary
- Introduction
- What Is an Impeachment Investigation?
- The House, Its Committees, and the Delegation of Investigative Powers
- The Question of Authorization in the Current House Impeachment Inquiry
- Impeachment Investigations: Scope of Access to Information
- Potential Investigative Advantages of an Impeachment Investigation
- Impact of the Impeachment Power on the Political Stage of an Investigative Conflict
- Impact of the Impeachment Power at the Judicial Stage of an Investigative Conflict
- Access to Grand Jury Materials
- Implications for Legislative Purpose
- Overcoming Claims of Executive Privilege
- Conclusion
- Social Policy
- Chapter 7
- Unemployment Insurance: Programs and Benefits (Updated)(
- Summary
- Introduction
- Unemployment Compensation
- Authorization
- Appropriation and Outlays
- Administration
- Eligibility for Regular Unemployment Compensation
- Broad Federal Guidelines Result in Different State Requirements
- Base Period
- Alternative Base Period
- Extended Base Period
- Base Period Provisions in the 2009 Stimulus Package
- Qualifying Wages or Employment
- Multiple of High-Quarter Wages
- Multiple of Weekly Benefit Amount
- Flat Qualifying Amount
- Weeks/Hours of Employment
- Data Collection Considerations
- Determination and Duration of Regular Unemployment Compensation
- UC Benefit Financing: Unemployment Taxes on Employers
- Federal Unemployment Tax Act
- State Unemployment Tax Acts
- Outstanding Loans from the Federal Unemployment Account
- Extended Benefit Program
- How an Extended Benefit Period Is Activated (and Deactivated)
- Special Rule
- Additional Eligibility Requirements for EB
- Methods for Determining 20 Weeks of Full-Time Insured Employment
- Chapter 8
- Unemployment Insurance: Consequences of Changes in State Unemployment Compensation Laws (Updated)(
- Summary
- Introduction
- Overview of Unemployment Benefits
- Unemployment Compensation Program
- Maximum UC Benefit Duration
- Emergency Unemployment Compensation Program (Now Expired)
- Extended Benefit Program
- Recent State UC Financial Stress
- UC Program Integrity
- State Law Changes to UC Benefit Duration
- Consequences of Reduced UC Benefit Duration for Federal Unemployment Programs
- Calculation of Benefit Duration for EUC08 Tiers (When EUC08 Was Authorized)
- Calculation of Benefit Duration for EB Payable Periods
- States with Reduced Weekly Benefit Amounts
- Index
- Blank Page
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