Geriatric Oncology, An Issue of Clinics in Geriatric Medicine

Name: Geriatric Oncology, An Issue of Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
Brand: Elsevier
Price: 59.99 EUR
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Harvey Jay Cohen Arati V. Rao(Autor*in)

Elsevier (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 19. Januar 2016

100 Seiten

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Front Cover
Geriatric Oncology
Copyright
Contributors
EDITORS
AUTHORS
Contents
Preface
Cancer and Aging: General Principles, Biology, and Geriatric Assessment
Cancer Screening in Older Adults
Socioeconomic Considerations and Shared-Care Models of Cancer Care for Older Adults
Palliative Care and Symptom Management in Older Patients with Cancer
Long-term Toxicity of Cancer Treatment in Older Patients
Management of Lung Cancer in the Elderly
Management of Colorectal Cancer in Older Adults
Management of Prostate Cancer in the Elderly
Approach and Management of Breast Cancer in the Elderly
Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Elderly
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Other Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Multiple Myeloma in Older Adults
CLINICS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
FORTHCOMING ISSUES
May 2016
August 2016
November 2016
RECENT ISSUES
November 2015
August 2015
May 2015
Preface
Erratum
Cancer and Aging
Key points
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
BIOLOGY OF CANCER AND AGING
Theories on Aging and Potential Impact on Cancer
Mutation accumulation
The antagonist pleiotropy
Disposable soma theory
Stem cells, aging, and cancer
Hyperfunction theory and role of metabolic pathways
THE ROLE OF AGE-RELATED BIOMARKERS IN CANCER
GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT IN OLDER PATIENTS WITH CANCER
Applications of Geriatric Assessment in Older Patients with Cancer
Predict treatment toxicity
Predict survival of older adults with cancer
Identify areas of vulnerability
Assist in clinical decision-making
Inclusion in clinical trials to provide a more accurate descriptor of the study population
Future Research Directions
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Cancer Screening in Older Adults
Key points
INTRODUCTION
COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING
LUNG CANCER SCREENING
PROSTATE CANCER SCREENING
BREAST CANCER SCREENING
CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Socioeconomic Considerations and Shared-Care Models of Cancer Care for Older Adults
Key points
GERIATRICS APPROACH TO CANCER CARE CAN IMPROVE THE DELIVERED VALUE
SOCIOECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS OF PROVIDING HIGH-VALUE CANCER CARE
GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT AND TARGETED INTERVENTIONS ACROSS THE CANCER CARE CONTINUUM
ORGANIZATIONAL MODELS OF CANCER CARE
Primary Provider Model
Multidisciplinary Consultative Model
Geriatrics-Driven and Embedded Consultative Model
Screen and Refer Clinic Model
REFERENCES
Palliative Care and Symptom Management in Older Patients with Cancer
Key points
PALLIATIVE CARE IN GERIATRIC ONCOLOGY
SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT
ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF PAIN
Management of Pain
Nonpharmacologic interventions
Pharmacologic interventions
Nonopioid therapy
Acetaminophen
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
Opioid therapy
Opioid adverse effects
Adjuvant medications
ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF NONPAIN SYMPTOMS
Fatigue
Management of fatigue
Nonpharmacologic interventions
Pharmacologic interventions
Delirium
Management of delirium
Nonpharmacologic interventions
Pharmacologic interventions
Anxiety and Depression
Management of Anxiety and Depression
Nonpharmacologic interventions
Pharmacologic interventions
Cachexia and Anorexia
Management of cachexia and anorexia
Nonpharmacologic interventions
Pharmacologic interventions
Artificial nutrition and hydration
Nausea and Vomiting
Management of nausea and vomiting
Nonpharmacologic interventions
Pharmacologic interventions
Dyspnea
Management of dyspnea
Nonpharmacologic interventions
Pharmacologic interventions
END-OF-LIFE CARE
Management of Refractory Terminal Symptoms and Agitation
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Long-term Toxicity of Cancer Treatment in Older Patients
Key points
INTRODUCTION
INTERACTION BETWEEN AGING, CANCER, CANCER TREATMENT, AND THEIR IMPACT ON FRAILTY
MEASURING FRAILTY AND GERIATRIC DEFICITS
THERAPY FOR ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CANCER
CHRONIC TOXICITY FROM CANCER THERAPY
Cardiotoxicity
Emotional Effects (Depression, Anxiety)
Ototoxicity
Balance and Coordination
Effect on Muscle and Bone Health
Metabolic Syndrome
Secondary Malignancies
Sexual and Vaginal Dysfunction
Fatigue
Cognitive Impairment
EFFECT OF OTHER MODALITIES
Targeted Therapies
Long-term Toxicities of Radiation
Central nervous system
Neck and upper aerodigestive tract
Thorax
Gastrointestinal
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Management of Lung Cancer in the Elderly
Key points
INTRODUCTION
Demographics and Scope of the Problem
Staging
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
Early Stage Disease
Surgery for non-small cell lung cancer
Adjuvant chemotherapy in the elderly
Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Prospective trials in the elderly
Results from population databases
Advanced Disease: Management Principles
Importance of histology and molecular markers
Cytotoxic chemotherapy in advanced disease
Use of Targeted Therapy
Risk Stratification Using Geriatric Assessment
Patients' Preferences and Understanding of Goals of Therapy
The Role of Palliative Care
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Management of Colorectal Cancer in Older Adults
Key points
INTRODUCTION
COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING
SURGERY
Alternatives to Surgery
Colonic stents
Radiofrequency ablation
RECTAL CANCER
SYSTEMIC THERAPY FOR COLORECTAL CANCER
Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Older Adults
The fluoropyrimidines (5-fluoruracil and capecitabine)
Oxaliplatin plus a fluoropyrimidine
Tolerance of oxaliplatin in the elderly
Summary: Tailoring Adjuvant Therapy for the Older Adult with Colorectal Cancer
Very fit older adults
Moderately fit older adults
Unfit older adults
Advanced/Metastatic Disease in Older Adults
Resectable
Borderline resectable
Palliative treatment
Systemic Therapy for Older Adults with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Combination cytotoxic chemotherapy
Oxaliplatin plus fluoropyrimidine
Irinotecan plus 5-Fluoracil
Minimizing toxicity with chemotherapy
Intermittent oxaliplatin administration
Omission of 5-fluoracil bolus
Biologic agents
The vascular endothelial growth factor therapies
The epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted agents
Regorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor
Summary: Tailoring Therapy for the Older Adult with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Very fit older adults
Moderately fit older adults
Unfit older adults
REFERENCES
Management of Prostate Cancer in the Elderly
Key points
INTRODUCTION
CLINICALLY LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER
Deciding Who Needs to be Treated
Estimating Life Expectancy
Expectant Management: Watchful Waiting or Active Surveillance?
Deciding on What Type of Treatment, If Treatment is Necessary
Radical prostatectomy in the elderly
Radiation therapy in the elderly
Thermal ablation in the elderly
Focal therapy
ADVANCED PROSTATE CANCER
Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: Sequencing Multimodality Treatment in Elderly Patients
Metastatic Prostate Cancer in the Elderly
Androgen deprivation therapy
Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Secondary hormonal manipulation
Immunotherapy
Radioisotopes
Cytotoxic chemotherapy
Sequencing treatments in castrate-resistant prostate cancer
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Approach and Management of Breast Cancer in the Elderly
Key points
INTRODUCTION
CHALLENGES IN CARING FOR OLDER PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER
STAGING
EARLY STAGE BREAST CANCER (STAGE 0-3)
Surgery and Primary Endocrine Therapy
Radiation Therapy
Systemic Therapy
Treatment considerations
Endocrine therapy
Chemotherapy
Biological agents
METASTATIC DISEASE
FOLLOW-UP AND SURVIVORSHIP
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Elderly
Key points
MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES
Diagnosis and Work-up
Risk Stratification: Disease Characteristics
Risk Stratification: Patient Characteristics
Treatment
Unresolved Questions for Older Adults with Myelodysplastic Syndromes
ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA
Diagnosis
Treatment
Tumor Biology
Review of Elderly-specific Clinical Trial Data
Risk Stratification
Unanswered Questions for Older Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Other Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Key points
CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
Epidemiology
Spectrum of Disease and Prognosis
Monitoring and Therapy
OTHER COMMON NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMAS
Epidemiology
Diagnosis and Staging
Monitoring and Therapy
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Mantle cell lymphoma
Follicular lymphoma
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Multiple Myeloma in Older Adults
Key points
INTRODUCTION AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
BIOLOGY AND CAUSE
CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA
EVALUATION AND DIAGNOSIS
STAGING AND PROGNOSIS
MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT
SIDE EFFECTS AND SUPPORTIVE CARE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Index

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