Abbreviations

1,25(OH)2-vitamin D 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcitriol 25D 25-hydroxyvitamin D ACE2 angiotensin II converting enzyme 2 ACE-I angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ACTH adrenocorticotrophic hormone ACVIM American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine ADH antidiuretic hormone AG aminoglycoside AG angiotensin AI/ML artificial intelligence/machine learning AIHA autoimmune hemolytic anemia AKI acute kidney injury ALP alkaline phosphatase ALT alanine transaminase ANA antinuclear antibodies ANOVA analysis of variance APPD apparent psychogenic polydipsia AQP aquaporin ARB angiotensin-II receptor blockers AST aspartate aminotransferase ATN acute tubular necrosis ATP adenosine triphosphate AVP arginine vasopressin BHA beta-hydroxybutyric acid BP blood pressure BRAF serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf, proto-oncogene B-Raf BUN blood urea nitrogen Ca:P calcium:phosphorus ratio CAH copper-associated hepatopathy cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate CaR calcium receptor CAV-1 canine adenovirus CBB Coomassie brilliant blue CBC complete blood count CCB calcium channel blockers CDI central diabetes insipidus CFU (cfu) colony forming unit CHF congestive heart failure CK creatine kinase CKD chronic kidney disease CNN convolutional neural network CNS central nervous system Cr creatinine CRF chronic renal failure CRGV cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy CT collecting tubule CT computed tomography CV coefficient of variation d diameter dDAVP l-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, desmopressin DHA docosahexaenoic acid DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation DM diabetes mellitus DNA deoxyribonucleic acid DOCA desoxycorticosterone acetate DT distal tubule ECC endogenous creatinine clearance ECF extracellular fluid ECFV extracellular fluid volume EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid EG ethylene glycol ELISA enzyme-linked immunoassay EM electron microscopy EMT renal epithelial to mesenchymal cell transitioning EPA eicosapentaenoic acid epi epithelial cell FC fractional clearance FDA Food and Drug Administration FeLV feline leukemia virus FeMV feline morbillivirus FGF-23 fibroblast growth factor-23 FIC feline idiopathic/interstitial cystitis FIP feline infectious peritonitis FIV feline immunodeficiency virus FN field number FNA fine needle aspirate FOV field of view Fr French FSGS focal segmental glomerulosclerosis GAG glycosaminoglycan GBM glomerular basement membrane GDI gestational diabetes insipidus GFR glomerular filtration rate GI gastrointestinal GN glomerulonephritis HAC hyperadrenocorticism HMW high molecular weight HN hereditary nephropathy HPF high-power field HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography HTG hypertriglyceridemia HUS hemolytic uremic syndrome HW heartworm ICGN immune-complex glomerulonephritis ICU intensive care unit IFA Immunofluorescent antibody Ig immunoglobulin IHC idiopathic hypercalcemia IRIS International Renal Interest Society ISCAID International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases IV intravenous IVRPS International Veterinary Renal Pathology Service kD (kDa) kiloDalton LC/MS liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry L-DOPA levodopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine LE leukocyte esterase LMW low molecular weight LPF low-power field LUT lower urinary tract MA microalbumin MA microalbuminuria MMB 3-mercapto-3-methylbutanol; mercaptan MR mineralocorticoid receptor MRA mineralocorticoid antagonists MRB mineralocorticoid receptor blocker MRI magnetic resonance imaging mTAL medullary thick ascending limb MW molecular weight MWO medullary washout NDI nephrogenic diabetes insipidus NEW nutrient-enriched water NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology NKCC2 transporter sodium potassium chloride 2 cotransporter NRC National Research Council NS nephrotic syndrome NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug OHE ovariohysterectomy PAS Periodic-acid Schiff stain PCr plasma concentration of creatinine PCR polymerase chain reaction PDH pituitary-dependent...