Contents Acknowledgments 1. What Is Biology? 2. Building with Biological Parts 3. Learning to Fly (or Yeast, Geese, and 747s) 4. The Second Coming of Synthetic Biology 5. A Future History of Biological Engineering 6. The Pace of Change in Biological Technologies 7. The International Genetically Engineered Machines Competition 8. Reprogramming Cells and Building Genomes 9. The Promise and Peril of Biological Technologies 10. The Sources of Innovation and the Effects of Existing and Proposed Regulations 11. Laying the Foundations for a Bioeconomy 12. Of Straitjackets and Springboards for Innovation 13. Open-Source Biology, or Open Biology? 14. What Makes a Revolution? Afterword Notes Index