The Phanerozoic Carbon Cycle
CO2 and O2
1. Auflage
Erschienen am 19. August 2004
159 Seiten
978-0-19-534665-7 (ISBN)
Beschreibung
The term "carbon cycle" is normally thought to mean those processes that govern the present-day transfer of carbon between life, the atmosphere, and the oceans. This book describes another carbon cycle, one which operates over millions of years and involves the transfer of carbon between rocks and the combination of life, the atmosphere, and the oceans. The weathering of silicate and carbonate rocks and ancient sedimentary organic matter (including recent, large-scale human-induced burning of fossil fuels), the burial of organic matter and carbonate minerals in sediments, and volcanic degassing of carbon dioxide contribute to this cycle. In The Phanerozoic Carbon Cycle, Robert Berner shows how carbon cycle models can be used to calculate levels of atmospheric CO2 and O2 over Phanerozoic time, the past 550 million years, and how results compare with independent methods. His analysis has implications for such disparate subjects as the evolution of land plants, the presence of giant ancient insects, the role of tectonics in paleoclimate, and the current debate over global warming and greenhouse gases
Weitere Details
Weitere Ausgaben
Inhalt
- Intro
- Contents
- 1. Introduction
- The Short-Term Carbon Cycle
- The Long-Term Carbon Cycle
- Modeling the Phanerozoic Carbon Cycle
- 2. Processes of the Long-Term Carbon Cycle: Chemical Weathering of Silicates
- Mountain Uplift, Physical Erosion, and Weathering
- Plants and Weathering
- Atmospheric Greenhouse Effect and Weathering
- Solar Radiation, Cosmic Rays, and Weathering
- Continental Drift: Effect on Climate and Weathering
- Lithology and Weathering
- Submarine Weathering of Basalt
- Summary
- 3. Processes of the Long-Term Carbon Cycle: Organic Matter and Carbonate Burial and Weathering
- Organic Matter Burial in Sediments
- Land Plant Evolution
- Weathering of Organic Matter
- Carbonate Weathering
- Carbonate Deposition and Burial
- Summary
- 4. Processes of the Long-Term Carbon Cycle: Degassing of Carbon Dioxide and Methane
- Degassing Rate of CO[sub(2)]
- Metamorphic and Diagenetic CO[sub(2)] Degassing
- Carbonate Deposition and Degassing
- Methane Degassing
- Summary
- 5. Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide over Phanerozoic Time
- Long-Term Model Calculations
- Perturbation Modeling
- Model Results
- Proxy Methods
- Summary: CO[sub(2)] and Climate
- 6. Atmospheric O[sub(2)] over Phanerozoic Time
- The Long-Term Sulfur Cycle and Atmospheric O[sub(2)]
- Model Calculations
- Model Results
- Independent Indicators of Phanerozoic O[sub(2)]
- Summary
- References
- Index
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- L
- M
- N
- O
- P
- R
- S
- V
- W
