Hydrology and Water Resources in Tropical Africa
Erschienen am 30. August 2011
5997 Seiten
978-0-08-086999-5 (ISBN)
Beschreibung
Hydrology and Water Resources in Tropical Africa
Weitere Details
Weitere Ausgaben
Inhalt
- Front Cover
- Hydrology and Water Resources in Tropical Africa
- Copyright Page
- Contents
- Foreword
- Preface
- CHAPTER 1. HISTORY OF AFRICAN HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES PRIOR TO 1900 A. D.
- 1.1. African Man, Lakes and Rivers
- 1.2. Nile Basin
- 1.3. The River Niger as a Trading Centre
- 1.4. Congo Basin
- 1.5. The Zambezi in African History
- 1.6. List of Literature
- CHAPTER 2. CLIMATOLOGY OF THE AFRICAN TROPICS
- 2.1. Effect of the Sun on Temperature, Air Pressare and Air Mass Movement
- 2.2. Tropical Storms and Rainfall
- 2.3. Evaporation and Evapotranspiration
- 2.4. Climate of Tropical Africa
- 2.5. List of Literature
- CHAPTER 3. HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE AND WATER BALANCE OF A TROPICAL BASIN
- 3.1. General Characteristics
- 3.2. Vegetation and Ecology
- 3.3. The Role of Tropical Forest in the Hydrological Cycle
- 3.4. The Role of Grassland and Savanna in the Hydrological Cycle
- 3.5. The Role of Root Systems in the Hydrological Cycle
- 3.6. lnterception
- 3.7. Role of the Soil in the Water Balance
- 3.8. Evapotranspiration in the Hydrological Cycle
- 3.9. A Conceptual Model of the Water Balance in a Tropical Basin
- 3.10. Water Balance Calculated From Basic Data
- 3.11. List of Literature
- CHAPTER 4. AFRICAN RIVERS
- 4.1. Basins and Divides
- 4.2. Classification of Tropical Rivers
- 4.3. Hydrological Balance of the Main African Rivers
- 4.4. Long-Term Fluctuation of African Rivers
- 4.5. Soil Erosion in the African Basins
- 4.6. List of Literature
- CHAPTER 5. GROUNDWATER RESOURCES
- 5.1. General
- 5.2. Groundwater Storage, Its Depletion and Replenishment
- 5.3. Groundwater in the Desert
- 5.4. Groundwater in Wet and Dry Regions
- 5.5. African Water-Bearing Units
- 5.6. The Prospection and Utilization of Groundwater Resources
- 5.7. Water in the Soil
- 5.8. List of Literature
- CHAPTER 6. AFRICAN LAKES
- 6.1. General
- 6.2. Natural Lakes
- 6.3. Artifical Lakes
- 6.4. The Water Balance of African Lakes
- 6.5. Long-Term Fluctuation of Lake Levels
- 6.6. List of Literature
- CHAPTER 7. SWAMPS
- 7.1. Role of Swamps in Africa
- 7.2. Swamps Classification
- 7.3. Swamps and Dambos
- 7.4. Role of Vegetation
- 7.5. Water Balance of Swamps and Dambos
- 7.6. List of Literature
- CHAPTER 8. HYDROLOGICAL EXTREMES
- 8.1. General
- 8.2. Floods
- 8.3. Droughts
- 8.4. List of Literature
- CHAPTER 9. WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
- 9.1. General
- 9.2. Data Needed for Development
- 9.3. International Drainage Basins
- 9.4. Navigability
- 9.5. Irrigation and Fisheries
- 9.6. Rural Water Supply and Water Conservation
- 9.7. Dams and Large Schemes
- 9.8. Environment and Pollution
- 9.9. Water Policy
- 9.10. Water-Resources Planning
- 9.11. List of Literature
- APPENDIX 1: Flow Chart of the Tropical Water Balance Model
- APPENDIX 2: List of Symbols Used in the Model
- APPENDIX 3: List of Organizations Concerned with African Tropical Hydrology
- Index
