Lawyers in 21st-Century Societies

1. Lawyers in a New Geopolitical Conjuncture: Continuity and Change
Hilary Sommerlad and Ole Hammerslev
PART I
ANGLO-AMERICAN COMMON LAW
2. Australia: A Legal Profession Globalised and Magnified
Margaret Thornton and Asmi Wood
3. Canada: Continuity and Change in a Modern Legal Profession
Ronit Dinovitzer and Meghan Dawe
4. England and Wales: A Legal Profession in the Vanguard of Professional Transformation?
Hilary Sommerlad, Andrew Francis, Joan Loughrey and Steven Vaughan
5. Scotland: Caught between Nationalism and the Market: What Does the Future Hold for Scots Lawyers?
Alan Paterson and Peter Robson
6. United States: Out of Many Legal Professions, One?
Scott L Cummings, Carroll S Seron, Ann Southworth, Rebecca L Sandefur, Steven A Boutcher and Anna Raup-Kounovsky

PART II
WESTERN EUROPEAN CIVIL LAW
7. Belgium: A Law Degree Opens the Door to a Lot of Occupations, Even the Bar
Steven Gibens, Bernard Hubeau, Stefan Rutten, Jean Van Houtte and Margot Van Leuvenhaege
8. Denmark, Sweden and Norway: Liberalisation, Differentiation and the Emergence of a Legal Services Market
Ole Hammerslev
9. France: The Reconfiguration of a Profession
Christian Bessy and Benoit Bastard
10. Germany: Resistance and Reactions to Demands of Modernisation
Matthias Kilian and Ulrike Schultz
11. Italy: A Delicate Balance between Maintenance and Change
Evelyn Micelotta and Gabrielle Dorian
12. Netherlands: Developments and Challenges
Nienke Doornbos and Leny de Groot-van Leeuwen
13. Switzerland: The End of Prosperity in the Age of Globalisation?
Isabel Boni-Le Goff, Eléonore Lépinard, Grégoire Mallard and Nicky Le Feuvre

PART III
EASTERN EUROPE AND RUSSIA
14. Czech Republic: Legal Professions Looking for Serenity and Stability
Jan Kober
15. Poland: Opening the Legal Professions
Kaja Gadowska
16. Russia: Challenges of the Market and Boundary Work
Ekaterina Moiseeva and Timur Bocharov
17. Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina: Challenges of Liberalisation and Democratic Consolidation
Danilo Vukovic, Valerija Dabeticand Samir Foric

PART IV
LATIN AMERICA
18. Argentina: The Long Transition of the Legal Profession
Martin Böhmer
19. Brazil: Fragmentary Development, Democratisation, and Globalisation
Maria da Gloria Bonelli and Pedro Fortes
20. Chile: Lawyers Engage with the Market, Specialisation, and Rights
Cristián Villalonga
21. Mexico: Significant Growth and Under-Regulation of the Legal Profession
Luis Fernando Perez-Hurtado
22. Venezuela: A Despatch from the Abyss
Manuel Gómez and Rogelio Pérez-Perdomo
PART V
AFRICA
23. Burundi: Middlemen and Opponents in the Shadow of the Ethno-state
Sara Dezalay
24. Kenya: Between Globalisation and Constitutionalism
Winifred Kamau
25. Nigeria: An Account of Adaptation
Enibokun Uzebu-Imarhiagbe
26. South Africa: A Profession in Transformation
Jonathan Klaaren
27. Zimbabwe: Legal Practitioners, Politics and Transformation Since 1980
George H Karekwaivanane

PART VI
NORTH AFRICA AND MIDDLE EAST
28. Egypt: The Long Decline of the Legal Profession
Nathalie Bernard-Maugiron and Menna Omar
29. Iran: A Clash of Two Legal Cultures?
Reza Banakar and Keyvan Ziaee
30. Israel: Numbers, Make-Up and Modes of Practice
Eyal Katvan, Limor Zer-Gutman and Neta Ziv
31. Libya: Lawyers between Ideology and the Market
Jessica Carlisle
32. Palestine: Lawyering between Colonisation and the Struggle for Professional Independence
Mutaz M Qafisheh
33. Tunisia: A Political Profession?
Eric Gobe
34. Turkey: Emergence and Development of the Legal Profession
Seda Kalem

PART VII
ASIA
35. China: A Tale of Four Decades
Sida Liu
36. India: Present and Future: A Revised Sociological Portrait
Swethaa S Ballakrishnen
37. Indonesia: Professionals, Brokers and Fixers
Santy Kouwagam and Adriaan Bedner
38. Japan: Towards Stratifi cation, Diversification and Specialisation
Masayuki Murayama
39. Myanmar: Law as a Desirable and Dangerous Profession
Melissa Crouch
40. South Korea: Reshaping the Legal Profession
JaeWon Kim
41. Taiwan and Hong Kong: Localisation and Politicisation
Ching-Fang Hsu
42. Thailand: The Evolution of Law, the Legal Profession and Political Authority
Frank W Munger
43. Vietnam: From Cadres to a 'Managed' Profession
Pip Nicholson and Do Hai Ha
44. Comparative Sociology of Lawyers, 1988-2018: The Professional Project
Richard L Abel