INTRODUCTION [The chapters in this section will give a general overview of the causes, vulnerability and risk factors for drug abuse and addiction] 1. Drug abuse, dependence and addiction Koob GF Department of Neuropharmacology, CVN-7, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. gkoob@scripps.edu 2. Epidemiology and trends in drug abuse McCambridge J National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. J.McCambridge@iop.kcl.ac.uk 3. Brain reward system and compulsive drug use Kenny PJ Department of Biochemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA. pjkenny@scripps.edu 4. Genetic vulnerability for Drug Abuse and Addiction G Uhl Molecular Neurobiology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. guhl@intra.nida.nih.gov 5. Adolescent brain development and vulnerability for addiction Crews F Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medecine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. ftcrews@med.unc.edu 6. Personality risk factors for drug abuse and addiction Conrod PJ Department of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, Section of Addiction, King's College London, University of London, London, UK. p.conrod@iop.kcl.ac.uk 7. Automatic and controlled processes in the pathway from drug abuse to addiction Wiers R Experimental Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. r.wiers@psychology.unimaas.nl 8. Pharmacological treatment of drug abuse and addiction in medical illness Tiet QQ Center for Health Care Evaluation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94025, USA. Tietq2@yahoo.com 9. Psychological interventions for drug abuse and addiction Brunette MF Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03301, USA. maryfbrunette@dartmouth.edu 10. Drug abuse and addiction in adolescents Deas D Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29417, USA. deasd@musc.edu 11. Drug abuse and addiction in elderly Simoni-Wastila L Long-term Care Initiative, Peter Lamy Center on Drug Therapy and Aging, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. lsimoniw@rx.umaryland.edu DRUGS OF ABUSE AND ADDICTION [The following chapters are intended to describe generally the mechanism of action, use and abuse of these drugs, consequences (daily life, cognitive performance), and the relationship between their use and medical illness] 12. Alcohol Sher KJ Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. sherk@missouri.edu 13. Nicotine Mucha L Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research, Thomson Medstat, 150 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA. Lisa.mucha@thomson.com 14. Cannabis Di Forti M Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. m.diforti@iop.kcl.ac.uk 15. Cocaine Kalivas PW Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina. Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA. kalivasp@musc.edu 16. Ecstasy and LSD Nichols DE Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2091, USA. david.e.nichols.l@purdue.edu 17. Methamphetamine Barr AL Centre for Complex Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. albarr@interchange.ubc.ca 18. GHB Anderson IB California Poison Control System, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. iba@calpoison.org 19. Herbal drugs of abuse Richardson WH, Department of Emergency Medicine, Palmetto Health Richland, 3 Medical Park, Columbia, SC 29203, USA. whrichardson@sc.rr.com 20. Inhalants Wu LT Center for Risk Behavior and Mental Health Research, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, USA. liwu@rti.org 21. Ketamine Wolff K King's College London National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, London, England. k.wolff@iop.kcl.ac.uk 22. Abuse and addiction of prescription drugs Stewart SH Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA. stewarsh@musc.edu 23. Anxiolytics and Sedatives O'Brien CP Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. obrien@mail.trc.upenn.edu 24. Opiates and other pain killers Ballantyne JC Division of Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Pain Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA. jballantyne@partners.org 25. Methylphenidate and cognitive enhancers Greenhill LL New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA. larrylgreenhill@cs.com 26. Anabolic Steroids Talih F Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, and Sleep Disorders Center, Cleveland Clinic, OH 44195, USA. talihf@ccf.org DRUG ABUSE IN MEDICAL ILLNESS [The chapters in this section will describe co-morbid drug abuse in medical illness. It focuses on the causes, consequences, and treatment implications.] 27. Chronic Pain Cheatle MD Behavioral Medicine Center, The Reading Hospital and Medical Center, P.O. Box 16052, Reading, PA 19612-6052, USA. cheatlem@readinghospital.org 28. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Kranzler HR Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030-2103, United States 29. Anxiety Disorders Brady KT Institute of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA. bradyk@musc.edu 30. Depression Nunes EV Depression Evaluation Service, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA. nunesed@pi.cpmc.columbia.edu 31. ADHD Greenhill LL New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA. larrylgreenhill@cs.com 32. Autism Miles JH Division of Medical Genetics, University of Missouri Hospitals and Clinics, #1 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA. milesjh@missouri.edu 33. Eating Disorders Varner LM Counseling and Psychological Services, Redfern Health Center, Clemson University, SC 29634-4022, USA. 34. Personality disorders Van den Bosch LM Forensic Psychiatric Institute Oldenkotte, Rekken, The Netherlands. wiesvdbosch@planet.nl 35. Schizophrenia Ziedonis DM University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Lane, Rm. D-349, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. 36. Psychosis Curran C Pendine Community Mental Health Trust, 124-126 Cowbridge Road West, Ely, Cardiff CF5 5BT, Wales, UK. Cath.Curran@CardiffandVale.wales.nhs.uk 37. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Trauma Ford JD University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, MC1410, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA. Ford@Psychiatry.uchc.edu 38. Seizures and epilepsy Brust JC Department of Neurology, Harlem Hospital Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10037, USA. jcb2@columbia.edu 39. Headache and Migraine Calabresi P Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Universita Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. calabre@uniroma2.it 40. Parkinson's Disease Witjas T Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Timone, Marseille, France. twitjas@yahoo.com 41. Alzheimer's Disease and dementia Fein G Neurobehavioral Research, Inc., Corte Madera, California 94925, USA. george@nbresearch.com 42. Sleep and Sleep Disorders Roehrs T & Roth T Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. troth1@hfts.org 43. Dreams and Nightmares Brian Johnson M.D. Harvard Medical School, 5 Park Place, Newton, Ma. 02460, USA bjohnson@massmed.org 44. Cardiovascular Disease Mukamal J Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. kmukamal@bidmc.harvard.edu 45. Gastrointestinal Disturbances Siegmund SV Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA. 46. Liver Disease Mendez-Sanchez N Department of Biomedical Research, Gastroenterology & Liver Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico. mmendez@medicasur.org.mx 47. Pulmonary disease and asthma Mayaud C Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Tenon, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris. charles.mayaud@tnn.aphp.fr 48. Cutaneous complications of intravenous drug use Del Guidice P Unite de Dermatologie et d'Infectiologie, Hopital Bonnet, 83600 Frejus, France. del-giudice-p@chi-frejus-saint-raphael.fr 49. Movement disorders Dr. R Saunders-Pullman Department of Neurology 10 Union Square East, Ste 2R, PACCNew York United States rsaunder@chpnet.org 50. Cancer Galeone C Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy. galeone@marionegri.it 51. Pregnancy and post-partum Shankaran S Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA. sshankar@med.wayne.edu 52. Prenatal drug exposure Lagasse L Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. Linda_Lagasse@brown.edu 53. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Manning MA Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5208, USA. mmanning@stanford.edu 54. HIV and AIDS Kopnisky KL HIV Therapeutics/Clinical Trials and Psychiatric Pathogenesis Program, Center for Mental Health Research on AIDS, NIH/National Institute of Mental Health, 6001 Executive Blvd/Room 6205 MSC 9619, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. kkopnisk@mail.nih.gov CURRENT ISSUES IN DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION 55. Palliative care of drug addicts Kirsch KL Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0082, USA. klkirsh@email.uky.edu 56. Aggression and antisocial behavior Hoaken PN Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London ON, Canada N6A 5C2. phoaken@uwo.ca 57. Suicidal Behavior Sher L Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. LS2003@columbia.edu 58. Gambling and drug abuse Petry NM University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA. petry@psychiatry.uchc.edu 59. Parental control, raising, role models and drug abuse Van der Vorst H Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands. h.vandervorst@bsi.ru.nl 60. Occupational impact of drug abuse and addiction Slaymaker VJ Butler Center for Research, Hazelden Foundation, Center City, MN 55012, USA. vslaymaker@hazelden.org 61. Drug abuse in healthcare professionals Baldiserri MR Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. 62. Drug abuse and Traffic Safety De Senerpont Domis, Verster JC Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands. L.M.Desenerpontdomis@uu.nl Appendix.
