Part 1 Defining the problem: cardiac replacement - estimation of need, demand and supply, Roger W. Evans; economic impact of heart failure, Mark A. Robbins and John B. O'Connell; endpoints for evaluation of therapies, Ileana L. Pina, Ross R. Zimmer and Victor Gil. Part 2 Medical therapy for congestive heart failure: approach to the patient with severe heart failure, Gary S. Francis; positive inotropic agents in the treatment of heart failure, Rene Alvarez and Arthur Feldman; evolution of heart failure treatment - considering adrenergic blocking agents and amiodarone, James B. Young; arrhythmias in end-stage heart failure, William G. Stevenson and Michael O. Sweeney; permanent pacemaker therapy for improvement of cardiac function in advanced heart failure, Leslie A. Saxon; exercise capacity in heart failure - impairment and improvement, Donna M. Mancini; when is heart failure a surgical disease?, Lynne Warner Stevenson. Part 3 Conventional surgical options: high-risk myocardial revascularization, John A. Kern and Irving L. Kron; ventricular aneurysmectomy and surgical ablative approaches for malignant arrhythmias, Lynda Mickelborough; valve surgery in patients with severe left ventricualr dysfunction, Francis D. Pagani and Steven F. Bolling. Myocardial replacement therapies: cardiac allotransplantation, Daniel J. Golstein and Eric A. Rose; xenotransplantation, John H. Artrip, Oktavijan P. Minanov, Silviu Itescu, and Robert E. Michler; left ventricular assist devices, Michael Argenziano and Mehmet C. Oz; total artificial heart, Robert T.V. Kung; axial flow pumps. Myocardial enhancement therapies: surgical therapy for heart failure - dynamic cardiomyoplasty, George Magovern Jr, Kathleen A. Simpson, James A. Magovern and George J. Magovern Sr.; myocyte transplantation, Cliff van Meter, ventriculectomy, Randas J. Vilela Bastista. Afterword: the future management of end-stage heart disease.
