The social background; no Popery politics, 1800-44; the Irish famine; immigration and anti-Irish feeling; resurgence of no Popery politics; heightened religious tension, 1852; mounting pressure - home rule, Irish nationalism and ritualism; George Wise, John Kensit and the anti-ritualist campaign; communal strife, 1904-09. Appendices: members attending the Grand Lodge on 4th June 1832 at Portman Square, London; members of the Town Council of the Borough of Liverpool, 1842-43; list of Orange Lodges at November 1830; Council of the Liverpool Constitutional Association, 1852; officials of the Liverpool Province of the Loyal Orange Institution, 1885.