1. Introduction (GRL +TJS).2. Biaxial nematics: order parameters and distributions (GRL, Dunmur).3. Molecular field theory.(a) Rigid, non-polar molecules (Virga, Sokalski).(b) Rigid, polar molecules (Mettout, Toledano).(c) Non-rigid molecules (GRL, Ferrarini).(d) Mixtures (Dunmur, Palffy-Muhoray).(e) Lyotropic systems (Henriques).4. Hard particle theory (Masters, Tiexiera).5. Landau theory (TJS, Longa, Mukherjee).6. Computer Simulation.(a) Lattice models (Romano, Bates).(b) Off-lattice, soft potential models (Bates, Zannoni, Sarman).(c) Off-lattice, hard potential models (Allen).(d) Off-lattice, atomistic models (Wilson).(e) Mixtures (Photinos, Bates).7. Continuum Theory.(a) Static (Stewart, Longa).(b) Dynamic (Stewart).8. Director Alignment.(a) Magnetic and electric fields (Photinos).(b) Surface (Vij, GRL).(c) Flow (Stewart).9. Applications (Brimicombe).10. Characterisation.(a) Optical texture (Lavrentovich, Galerne).(b) Refractive index (Galerne).(c) Infra-red spectroscopy (Vij).(d) Raman spectroscopy (Gleeson).(e) NMR spectroscopy (GRL, Samulski, Madsen).(f) X-ray and neutron scattering (Kumar, Davidson).11. Lyotropic systems (Fujiwara).12. Colloidal systems (Davidson).13. Polymeric, thermotropic systems.(a) Side-group (Finkelmann).(b) Main chain (Watanabe, Takezoe).(c) Dendrimers (Mehl).14. Low molar mass, thermotropic systems.(a) Single component (Samulski, Lehmann, Kumar, Sadashiva).(b) Mixtures (Bruce, Mehl).15. Designing biaxial low molar mass thermotropic systems (Bruce, Praefcke).16. Conclusions (GRL + TJS)