Part 1: DNA Chips ; 1. Gene Expression Microarrays: A Platform for Discovery in Biological Systems ; 2. Properties, Manufacturing and Applications of Microarrays of Gel-Immobilized Compounds and Cells on Chips ; Part 2: Detection Technologies ; 3. Alpha Screen, a highly sensitive, non-radioactive and homogeneous assay platform for drug discovery high throughput screening, genomis, and life science research applications in miniaturized format ; 4. Light-Powered Microtransponders for High Multiplex-Level Analyses of Nucleic Acids ; 5. DNA Biosensor: Immunosensor Applications for Anti-DNA Antibody ; Part 3: Optical Sensing and Processing ; 6. Digital Optical Chemistry ; 7. Low-Density Array Optical Chip Technology for the Detection of Biomolecules ; 8. Randomly-Ordered High Density Fiber Optic Microsensor Array Sensors