<b>Preamble xiii</b>
To Begin With xiii
Color Blindness or Color Vision Deficiency (CVD) xiv
Designing Beyond Mobility xvi
Access Overall xix
<b>Chapter 1 Review of Project Types & Uses</b>
<b>1.1 Existing Projects 23</b>
Existing Buildings - In General 23
ADA Title II for Public Entities - 28 CFR Part 35 24
ADA Title III for Public Accommodation & Commercial - 28 CFR Part 36 25
Supplemental Requirements Under the ADA Standards 28
Federal Facility Requirements 29
Alterations & Local Requirements 30
Historical Facilities 31
<b>1.2 Retail, Restaurants, Cafeterias, & Bars 35</b>
Retail - In General 35
Restaurants, Cafeterias, & Bars - In General 36
<b>1.3 Assembly, Sports, & Entertainment 41</b>
Assembly & Entertainment - In General 41
Wheelchair & Companion Seating Requirements 41
Wheelchair & Companion Seating - Scoping & Location 43
Other Seating Types 44
Assistive Listening Systems (ALS) 45
<b>1.4 Hotels, Inns, & Transient Lodging 49</b>
In General 49
Mobility Guest Rooms 51
Communication Feature Guest Rooms 55
Non-Mobility Guest Room Requirements 55
Student Housing at a Place of Education 56
<b>1.5 Residential Under the ADA 59</b>
Multi-Family Residential - In General 59
Alterations to Dwelling Units 60
Communication Feature Dwelling Units 61
Mobility Feature Dwelling Units 61
Kitchens in Mobility Feature Dwelling Units 62
Bathrooms in Mobility Feature Dwelling Units 64
Social Service Center Establishments 66
Housing at a Place of Education 68
Adaptable Dwelling Units [CBC] 68
Kitchens in Adaptable Dwelling Units [CBC] 69
Bathrooms in Adaptable Dwelling Units [CBC] 69
Senior Housing [CBC] 71
<b>1.6 The Youngers, the Olders, & In-Between 75</b>
Considerations for the Youngers 75
Handrails for Children 75
Drinking Fountains for Children 75
Toilet Rooms & Fixtures for Children 76
Tables, Counters, & Play Surfaces for Children 77
Play Areas for Children 78
Considerations for the Olders 79
Light & the Aging Eye 79
Toileting & Bathing Needs As One Ages 80
The In-Betweens - Employees 81
Employee Only Work Areas 82
<b>1.7 Storage, Locker & Dressing Rooms 87</b>
Storage - In General 87
Self-Storage Facilities 88
Locker, Dressing, & Fitting Rooms 89
Storage Lockers 90
<b>Chapter 2 Accessible Routes</b>
<b>2.1 Circulation Paths & Accessible Routes 95</b>
Paths & Routes In General 95
Route Clearances 98
Accessible Routes in Specific Types of Spaces 99
Assembly Areas 100
Public Residential Dwelling Units 100
Employee Only Work Areas 101
<b>2.2 Walking Surfaces 105</b>
In General 105
Thresholds & Carpets 106
Openings in Walking Surfaces 107
<b>2.3 Clear Floor & Turning Spaces 113</b>
Clear Floor, Turning, Maneuvering, & Passing Spaces In General 113
Turning Spaces 114
Clear Floor Spaces 116
Aisles & 90 degrees Turns 117
Aisles at 180 degrees 'U'-Turns - Around Narrow Elements 118
Aisles at 180 degrees 'U'-Turns - Around Wide Elements 119
<b>2.4 Protruding & Overhanging Objects 123</b>
In General 123
Protruding Objects 123
Post-Mounted Objects 125
Overhanging Objects 127
<b>2.5 Doors & Gates - Overview 131</b>
Entrances In General 131
Security, Restricted, & Service Entrances 131
Specific Facility Type Entrances 131
Door & Gate Notes 132
Hardware Notes 134
<b>2.6 Doors & Gates - Maneuvering Clearances 139</b>
In General 139
Forward Approach - Swinging Doors & Gates 140
Parallel Approach - Swinging Doors & Gates 141
Sliding & Folding Doors & Gates - All Approaches 142
Openings Without Doors 144
Doors & Gates In Series 145
Recessed Doors & Gates 146
<b>2.7 Powered Doors & Gates 151</b>
In General 151
Power-Assist Swinging Doors [BHMA] 152
Low-Energy Power-Operated Door [BHMA] 152
Automatic Power-Operated Door [BHMA] 153
Automatic Power-Operated Swinging Doors [BHMA] 154
Automatic Power-Operated Folding Doors [BHMA] 154
<b>2.8 Specific Use Doors, Gates, & Windows 157</b>
Security, Restricted, & Service Entries 157
Doors & Gates in Specific Uses 157
Windows 158
Security & Service Glazing, & 2-Way Communication 159
<b>Chapter 3 Site Elements</b>
<b>3.1 Accessible Parking - In General 165</b>
In General 165
Parking & Accessible Routes 167
Parking Spaces Required per Facility 168
Additional Requirements for Residential-Type Facilities 170
Existing Parking Facilities 170
<b>3.2 Accessible Parking Signage 175</b>
Parking Signage In General 175
California Tow-Away Sign [CBC] 176
<b>3.3 The Accessible Parking Space 179</b>
In General 179
Standard Accessible Spaces 180
Van Accessible Spaces 180
Access Aisles 181
On-Street Parking 182
<b>3.4 Valet & Passenger Loading Zones 185</b>
In General 185
The Accessible Passenger Loading Zone 186
Valet Parking 187
<b>3.5 Transportation 189</b>
In General 189
Bus Loading Zone Requirements 189
Bus Boarding & Alighting Area Requirements 190
Bus Informational Signage 191
Rail & Platform Requirements 191
Rail Informational Signs 192
Variable Message Signs (VMS) 192
<b>3.6 Electric Vehicle Charging Stations 195</b>
In General 195
New and Altered EVCS General Requirements 196
EV Charger Requirements 198
Accessible Charging Stations and Their Access Aisles 198
EVCS Signage [CBC] 200
Ambulatory EVCS [CBC] 200
Drive-Up EVCS [CBC] 201
<b>3.7 Curb Ramps 203</b>
In General 203
Perpendicular Curb Ramps 205
Parallel Curb Ramps 206
Corner Curb Ramps 208
Curb Ramps in the Public Right-Of-Way 211
<b>3.8 Islands & Blended Transitions 215</b>
In General 215
Islands with Curb Ramps 215
Islands with a Cut-Thru 215
Blended Transitions & Zero Curbs in Islands and Elsewhere 217
<b>3.9 Detectable Warnings 219</b>
In General 219
Truncated Dome Requirements 220
Locations 221
Transportation & Directional Texture 224
<b>Chapter 4 Recreation</b>
<b>4.1 Pools & Spas 229</b>
Pools & Spas In General 229
Pools - Swimming, Wading, Wave, Catch, Leisure Rivers, etc 229
Spas & Hot Tubs 230
Pool Lift Requirements & Considerations 230
Sloped Entry Requirements & Considerations 232
Pool Stairs - Requirements & Considerations 233
Transfer System - Requirements & Considerations 234
Transfer Walls - Requirements & Considerations 235
<b>4.2 Fitness & Recreation 239</b>
Exercise Equipment & Fitness Areas 239
Saunas & Steam Rooms 239
Sports & Court Sports 241
Golfing 242
Miniature Golf 242
Amusement Rides & Attractions 242
<b>4.3 Recreation & Play 247</b>
In General 247
Recreational Boating Facilities - In General 247
Piers at Boat Slips 248
Boarding Piers at Boat Launch Ramps 249
Fishing 249
Shooting Facilities 250
Play Areas - In General 250
Play Areas - Accessible Routes 251
Play Areas - Components 251
Play Areas - Vertical Access 252
Gaming Machines & Tables 253
Landscape Elements & Wilderness 254
Beaches 256
<b>Chapter 5 Vertical Access - Manual</b>
<b>5.1 Edge Protection & Handrails 263</b>
Edge Protection In General 263
Edge Protection - Pedestrian Ramp 263
Handrails 264
Handrail Gripping Surfaces 265
Handrail Extensions - In General 266
Handrails & Extensions - Pedestrian Ramp 267
Handrails & Extensions - Stairs 268
<b>5.2 Pedestrian Ramps 273</b>
In General 273
Pedestrian Ramps 273
Pedestrian Ramp Landings 275
Pedestrian Ramp Landings & Door Maneuvering Space 278
<b>5.3 Steps & Stairs 283</b>
In General 283
Treads & Nosings 283
Risers 285
Stairways 286
Escalators 286
<b>Chapter 6 Vertical Access - Mechanical</b>
<b>6.1 Elevator, Lobby, & Landings 291</b>
Elevators & Vertical Height Transitions In General 291
Title II Public Building Accessible Routes & Elevators 293
Hall Call Controls 293
Hall Signals 294
Hoistway Jamb Signs 295
Elevator Landings 296
Destination-Oriented Elevators 297
Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators (LU/LA) - Inside & Out 298
Dwelling Unit Private Residence Elevators - Inside & Out 299
<b>6.2 Elevator Car 303</b>
In General 303
Elevator Doors 303
Elevator Car Sizes & Door Location 304
Car Control Panels 305
Car Position Indicators 305
<b>6.3 Platform Lifts 309</b>
Platform Lifts In General 309
Vertical Platform Lifts & Accessible Routes 310
Vertical Lifts With & Without Runway Enclosures 310
Inclined Platform Lifts 313
<b>Chapter 7 Communication Elements</b>
<b>7.1 Sign Types & Components 319</b>
Sign Types - In General 319
Directional Signs 320
Informational Signs 321
Signs Identifying Permanent Rooms & Spaces 321
Egress-Related Signs 322
Toilet & Bathing Room Signs 323
Sign Components - Visual Characters 323
Sign Components for Tactile Characters - Raised Characters 325
Sign Components for Tactile Characters - Braille 327
Tactile Sign Location 329
Pictograms Identifying Rooms Or Spaces 330
International Symbols Identifying Accessible Elements 331
<b>7.2 Communication Features 335</b>
Communication Features - In General 335
Sign Language Interpreters - Station Requirements [A117.1] 335
Security Glazing & 2-Way Communication 335
Variable Message Signs (VMS) 336
Doorbells & Visual Door Notification Devices 337
Fire Alarms 337
<b>7.3 Telephones 341</b>
Telephones - In General 341
Telephones for Wheelchair Access 341
Telephones - TTY 342
TTY - Specific Use Locations 343
<b>Chapter 8 Controls & Building Elements</b>
<b>8.1 Reach Ranges, Controls, & Machines 347</b>
In General 347
Forward Reach with a Forward Approach 348
Side Reach Range with a Parallel Approach 349
Controls In General 350
Reach Ranges & Controls for Specific Items 350
Residential Facilities - Reach Ranges & Controls 351
ATMs, POS Devices, and Input & Display Screens 351
Window Controls 353
<b>8.2 Plumbing - Public & Common Use 357</b>
Drinking Fountains 357
Low Drinking Fountains 358
Low Drinking Fountains - Controls & Spouts 358
High Drinking Fountains 359
Bottle Filler 359
Washing Machines & Dryers 360
Public & Common Use Sinks 361
Faucets & Other Sink Controls 363
<b>8.3 Counters - Sales, Service, Work & Food 367</b>
In General 367
Sales & Service Counters 367
Check-Out Aisles & Counters 370
Work Surfaces 371
Food Service Lines & Condiment Counters 372
Bars & Counters for Drink or Food 372
Seating at Tables 374
<b>8.4 Kitchens, Kitchenettes, & Wet Bars 381</b>
Accessible Kitchen Spaces - In General 381
Cabinetry 384
Shelving Calculations for Kitchen Cabinets 387
Kitchen Work Surfaces in Mobility Dwelling Unit Kitchens 390
Wet Bars 391
Non-Mobility Kitchens 391
Kitchen Design Considerations for Aging 392
<b>8.5 Kitchens - Appliances & Fixtures 395</b>
Appliances & Fixtures - In General 395
Refrigerators 396
Ranges, Rangetops, Cooktops, & Ovens 397
Sinks 398
Dishwashers & Clear Floor Spaces 400
Electrical for All of the Small Countertop Appliances 401
<b>Chapter 9 Toilet Rooms & Bathing Facilities</b>
<b>9.1 Signage for Toilet & Bathing Rooms 407</b>
Signage - In General 407
Permanent Toilet & Bathing Room Signs 407
Pictograms & Symbols 408
California Geometric Door Symbols [CBC] 408
<b>9.2 Accessories in Toilet & Bathing Rooms 411</b>
Accessories - In General 411
Specific Accessories 411
<b>9.3 Lavatories 419</b>
Lavatories - In General 419
Clear Floor Space at a Lavatory 421
Faucets & Other Controls 422
Accessories at Lavatories 422
<b>9.4 Toilets 425</b>
Toilets - In General 425
Toilet Seats 426
Flush Controls 426
Toilet Clear Floor Spaces 427
Toilet Grab Bars 428
Dispensers 428
<b>9.5 Urinals 433</b>
Urinals - In General 433
Urinals - Technical Requirements 433
<b>9.6 Grab Bars and Shower & Tub Seats 437</b>
Grab Bars - In General 437
Grab Bars at Toilets 439
Grab Bars at Showers 441
Grab Bars at Bathtubs 443
Shower & Bathtub Seats - In General 445
Shower Seats 445
Bathtub Seats 446
<b>9.7 Bathing - Tubs 451</b>
Bathtubs - In General 451
Water Controls & Shower Spray Units 453
<b>9.8 Bathing - Showers 457</b>
Showers - In General 457
Transfer Showers 458
Standard Roll-In Showers 459
Alternate Roll-In Showers 461
Water Controls, Faucets, & Spray Units 462
Shower Accessories 464
<b>9.9 Single-User Toilet & Bathing Rooms 467</b>
In General 467
Specific Single-User Facility Requirements 468
Medical & Long-Term Care - Patient & On-Call Sleeping Rooms 471
Family & Assisted-Use Toileting & Bathing [IBC] 472
Adult Changing Facilities [CBC] 472
<b>9.10 Multi-User Toilet Rooms 477</b>
Multi-User Toilet Rooms - In General 477
Accessible Toilet Compartments - In General 478
Accessible Toilet Compartment Doors 479
Accessible Toilet Compartments 481
Ambulatory Toilet Compartments 484
<b>Index</b>
A 489
B, C 491
D 494
E 495
F, G 497
H 498
I, J, K 499
L, M 500
N, O 501
P 502
Q, R 504
S 505
T 508
U, V 510
W, Y, Z 511
Colophon 512
