Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Diagnosis, Prognosis, Treatment and Outcomes

This book is written by multidisciplinary specialists who diagnose and treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and is meant for anyone interested in the clinical care of patients with hematologic malignancies, including students and trainees. The 21 contributors for this book include expert clinicians in leukemia and hematologic malignancies, infectious diseases, pharmacological drug administration, pathology, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, and artificial intelligence, and one medical student and advanced trainees. The book comprises nine chapters, starting with a comprehensive overview of the global epidemiology, etiology, prognosis, treatment, and outcomes in patients with AML. Chapter 2 describes the classification of myeloid neoplasms, including AML, with a historical perspective and current diagnostic criteria. This chapter describes the fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification and the updates from the revised fourth edition of the WHO classification. It compares the similarities and differences from the International Consensus Classification. Chapter 3 is focused on genetic evaluation in AML, emphasizing cytogenetic techniques, with numerous illustrations depicting genetic abnormalities in AML. Chapter 4 discusses measurable residual disease (MRD) in AML and explains the approaches and current guidelines for MRD detection by multiparametric flow cytometry and molecular techniques, emphasizing the pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical factors in evaluating MRD, with illustrations for essential concepts. Chapter 5 describes clonal hematopoiesis and its role in the development of myeloid neoplasms. Chapter 6 discusses inherited germline predisposition to myeloid malignancies, including inherited bone marrow failure syndromes and syndromic and non-syndromic predisposition syndromes for hematologic malignancies. Chapter 7 describes and illustrates novel therapeutic agents in AML, including genetically-targeted therapies, non-genetically targeted therapies, and immunotherapies. Chapter 8 covers the management of infectious complications in patients with AML, and Chapter 9 introduces the reader, with many illustrations, to the emerging applications of artificial intelligence in diagnostic hematopathology.