Part 1 Rehabilitation: the model penal code; how effective are penal treatments; the decline of the rehabilitative ideal; reaffirming rehabilitation; should penal rehabilitationism be revived?; a new form of rehabilitation. Part 2 Deterrence: punishment and deterrence; optimal sanctions - any upper limits?; deterrence research and deterrence policies; deterrence theory - its moral problems. Part 3 Incapacitation: sentencing on the basis of risk - the model sentencing act; the problem of false positives; incapacitation, dangerousness and forfeiture of rights; incapacitation and "vivid danger"; incapacitation; selective incapacitation - some doubts; selective incapacitation - the debate over its ethics. Part Desert: the moral worth of retribution; desert - some doubts; desert and penance; proportionate sentences - a desert perspective; desert as a limiting principle; seriousness, severity and the living standard; desert and previous convictions; parsimony and desert in sentencing; mitigation for socially deprived offenders. Part 5 Structuring sentencing discretion: lawlessness in sentencing; four techniques for reducing sentence disparity; the Swedish sentencing law. Part 6 Community punishments: "alternatives" to incarceration - substitutes or supplements?; the unit fine - monetary sanctions apportioned to income; intensive supervision probation - how and for whom?; non-custodial penalties and the principle of proportionality; interchangeability, desert limits and equivalence of function. Part 7 Restorative justice: conflicts as property; republicanism in sentencing - recognition, recompense and reassurance; desert and three Rs; reparation and retribution - are they reconcilable?; reparation, retribution and rights. Part 8 External critiques of sentencing theory: the limits of legal ideology; sociological perspectives on punishment; punishment and community. Part 9 "Law and order".
