1. Beta Receptors in Heart Failure (Engelhardt) 2. Role of Phospholamban in the Pathogenesis of Heart Failure (Kranias) 3. Cardiac Apoptosis in Heart Failure (Rosenzweig) 4. Transcript Profiling in Heart Failure 5. Mechanisms of Cardiac Hypertrophy (Lembo) 6. Animal Models of Heart Failure (Lebeche) 7. Gene Therapy in Heart Failure (Hajjar) 8. Stem Cell Therapy in Heart Failure (Liao) 9. Cardiogenesis and the Regulation of Cardiac-Specific Gene Expression (Mably) 10. Protein Unfolding in the Failing Heart (del Monte) 11. Nitric Oxide in Heart Failure (Bloch) 12. The Failing Cardiomyocyte (Harding) 13. MAPKinase Activation in Heart Failure 14. Electrical Remodeling in Heart Failure (Santana)