Shotokan Karate

Inhalt Vorwort ............................................................................................... 8 Vorwort Samad Azadi: Karate ist Kampfkunst und Kampfsport zugleich ...................................... 10 1 Einführung ................................................................................................... 12 1.1 Die Geschichte des Shotokan Karate .............................................................................................................. 13 1.1.1 Okinawa-Te, der Ursprung des modernen Karate ......................................................... 13 1.1.2 Das moderne Karate entsteht ........................................................................................................................... 17 1.1.3 Gichin Funakoshi - der Vater des modernen Karate ............................................... 17 1.1.4 Shotokan Karate verbreitet sich weltweit .................................................................................... 20 1.1.5 Die Weiterentwicklung des Shotokan durch Masatoshi Nakayama ........................................... 22 1.1.6 Shotokan Karate heute .................................................................................................................................................. 25 1.1.7 Karate im Deutschen Karate-Verband ............................................................................................... 26 1.2 Karate-Do ...................................................................................................................... 26 2 Praxis ................................................................................................................ 30 2.1 Karate: Anforderungen und Eigenschaften ......................................................................................... 31 2.1.1 Grundanforderungen ......................................................................................................................................................... 31 2.1.2 Spezifische Karateeigenschaften ................................................................................................................. 31 2.1.2.1 Zielgerichtetheit der Technik ................................................................................................... 32 2.1.2.2 Einsatz der Hüfte ........................................................................................................................................... 32 2.1.2.3 Kime .................................................................. 33 2.2 Das Karatetraining ............................................................................................ 33 2.2.1 Training .......................................................................... 33 2.2.2 Angrüßen und die Dojo-Etikette ................................................................................................................... 34 2.2.3 Aufwärmen und Gymnastik ................................................................................................................................... 35 2.2.4 Kihon ................................................................................................. 37 2.2.5 Kumite ......................................................................................... 38 2.2.6 Kata ..................................................................................................................... 38 2.3 Prüfung .......................................................................................................... 39 2.3.1 Unterstufe ............................................................................................. 39 2.3.2 Mittelstufe ...................................................................................... 40 2.3.3 Oberstufe ........................................................................................ 40 3 Grundstellungen ...................................................................... 42 3.1 Musubi-Dachi ............................................................................................... 44 3.2 Hachi-Dachi ........................................................................................................... 44 3.3 Zenkutsu-Dachi ...................................................................................................... 45 3.4 Kokutsu-Dachi ...................................................................................................... 47 3.5 Kiba-Dachi .............................................................................. 48 3.6 Fudo-Dachi/Sochin-Dachi .................................................................................................................................................. 49 3.7 Neko-Ashi-Dachi ............................................................................................ 49 3.8 Jiyu-Dachi ........................................................................................................ 49 4 Grundtechniken ................................................................................... 50 4.1 Abwehrtechniken ........................................................................... 52 4.1.1 Age-Uke ...................................................................................................... 52 4.1.2 Uchi-Uke ................................................................. 54 4.1.3 Soto-Uke .......................................................................................... 56 4.1.4 Gedan-Barai ............................................................................ 58 4.1.5 Shuto-Uke ......................................................................................... 60 4.2 Angriffstechniken mit den Armen ......................................................................................................................... 62 4.2.1 Oi-Zuki ............................................................................. 62 4.2.2 Gyaku-Zuki ....................................................................................................... 64 4.2.3 Kizami-Zuki ...................................................................................................... 66 4.2.4 Uraken-Uchi .............................................................................................. 67 4.2.5 Empi-Uchi ....................................................................................................... 68 4.2.6 Shuto-Uchi .......................................................................................... 70 4.3 Angriffstechniken mit den Beinen ........................................................................................................................ 71 4.3.1 Mae-Geri ................................................................................................................. 72 4.3.2 Yoko-Geri .................................................................................. 74 4.3.3 Mawashi-Geri ........................................................................................ 76 4.3.4 Ushiro-Geri ..................................................................................... 78 4.3.5 Ura-Mawashi-Geri ................................................................................. 80 5 Das Prüfungsprogramm ......................................................................................................................................................... 82 5.1 Kihon und Kumite .............................................................. 83 5.1.1 Unterstufe ................................................................................ 84 Neunter Kyu, Weißer Gürtel/Taikyoku Shodan ............................................................. 85 Achter Kyu, Gelber Gürtel .......................................................................................................................................... 91 Siebter Kyu, Oranger Gürtel .................................................................................................................................. 95 5.1.2 Mittelstufe ................................................................................... 99 Sechster Kyu, Grüner Gürtel ............................................................................................................................. 100 Fünfter Kyu, Blauer Gürtel ................................................................................................................................... 109 Vierter Kyu, Blauer Gürtel ..................................................................................................................................... 115 5.1.3 Oberstufe ..................................................... 122 Dritter Kyu, Brauner Gürtel ................................................................................................................................ 123 Zweiter Kyu, Brauner Gürtel ............................................................................................................................. 130 Erster Kyu, Brauner Gürtel ................................................................................................................................... 138 Erster Dan, Schwarzer Gürtel .......................................................................................................................... 147 5.2 Jiyu-Kumite......................................................................160 5.3 Kata ......................................................................................................... 167 5.3.1 Heian Shodan ........................................................................................................... 168 5.3.2 Heian Nidan ........................................................................... 174 5.3.3 Heian Sandan ......................................................................... 181 5.3.4 Heian Yondan ........................................................................................................ 188 5.3.5 Heian Godan ..................................................................................................... 197 5.3.6 Tekki Shodan ..................................................................... 204 5.3.7 Bassai-Dai ................................................................. 213 Anhang .................................................................................................................... 225 1 Bibliografie .................................................................................................................................. 225 2 Kommentierte Bibliografie ........................................................................... 226 3 Danksagung ......................................................................... 228 4 Bildnachweis .......................................................................................... 229 5 Glossar .............................................................................................. 230 6 Adressen .......................................... 235