History and equipment: the evolution of endobronchial apparatus for one lung ventilation and anaesthesia; Pulmonary physiology during one-lung ventilation; Anatomy of the lungs and pleura; Indications and techniques for one-lung ventilation; Surgery on the lungs; Operations on the pleura, diaphragm and chest wall; Tracheal and bronchial surgery; Mediastinal surgery (including thymectomy, myasthenia and retrosternal goitre); Oesophageal surgery; Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS); Chest trauma; Paediatric thoracic anaesthesia; Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS); Anaesthesia for pulmonary thrombo-endarterectomy; Lung transplantation; Common peri-operative problems and complications: pulmonary haemorrhage, empyena, bronchopleural fistula/persistent air leaks; Pain control following thoracic surgery; Specialised modes of respiratory support in thoracic surgical patients; Controversies in thoracic anaesthesia.