1. Introduction to Women, Children and Addiction Loretta P. Finnegan 2. Women and Drug Addiction: A Historical Perspective Stephen R. Kandall 3. Women and Addiction: The Importance of Gender Issues in Substance Abuse Research Ellen Tuchman 4. Substance Use and Women's Health Abigail Kay, Trusandra E. Taylor, Andrea G. Barthwell, Jana Wichelecki, and Vera Leopold 5. Ethical Issues and Addiction Binta Lambert, Melissa Scheiner, and Deborah Campbell 6. Addiction in Pregnancy Joan Keegan, Mehdi Parva, Mark Finnegan, Andrew Gerson, and Michael Belden . Human Immunodeficiency Virus Risk Behavior Among Female Substance Abusers Susan E. Ramsey, Kathryn M. Bell, and Patricia A. Engler 8. Pharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Addiction: Methadone Mary Jeanne Kreek, Lisa Borg, Elizabeth Ducat, and Brenda Ray 9. Gender Issues in the Pharmacotherapy of Opioid-Addicted Women: Buprenorphine Annemarie Unger, Erika Jung, Bernadette Winklbaur, and Gabriele Fischer 10. Punishing Pregnant Drug-Using Women: Defying Law, Medicine, and Common Sense Jeanne Flavin and Lynn M. Paltrow 11. Prenatal Drug Exposure: Infant and Toddler Outcomes Emmalee S. Bandstra, Connie E. Morrow, Elana Mansoor, and Veronica H. Accornero 12. Children of Addicted Women Barry M. Lester and Linda L. Lagasse