Chapter 1: Historical Events that Shaped Contemporary Opioid Trends
Kelly E. Dunn
Chapter 2: Epidemiology of Opioid Use and Smoking, Alcohol, and Polysubstance Use Among Persons Using Opioids
Maria A. Parker and Whitney S. Cordoba-Grueso
Chapter 3 Opioid Use Disorder: Diagnostic History and Current Understanding
Orrin D. Ware and Kelly E. Dunn
Chapter 4: Access to Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder
Brendan Saloner and Jason Gibbons
Chapter 5: The Current Status of Medical Student Education on Opioids
Oluwole Jegede, Peter J. Na, Ismene Petrakis, and Srinivas B. Muvvala
Chapter 6: The Neurobiology of Opioid Use
Shailesh N. Khatri, Erin E. Maher, Emma O. Bondy, and Cassandra D. Gipson
Chapter 7: Genetic Influences in Opioid Use Disorder
Jill Rabinowitz and Brion Maher
Chapter 8: The Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: Presentation, Measurement, and Management
Kelly E. Dunn, Cecilia Bergeria, Orrin D. Ware, Eric C. Strain
Chapter 9: Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Sarah H. Heil, Heidi S. Melbostad, and Leigh-Anne Cioffredi
Chapter 10: Opioid Craving: Understanding Its Measurement, Mechanisms, and Treatment
Cecilia Bergeria and Brandon Park
Chapter 11: Opioids and Cognition
Bethea A. Kleykamp, Shannon B. Clarke, and Shauna P. Acquavita
Chapter 12: Opioid Effects on Sleep: Review of the Literature and Consideration of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis as a Relevant Mechanism
Jennifer D. Ellis, Chung Jung Mun, and Patrick H. Finan
Chapter 13: Fentanyl
Kelly E. Dunn, H. Elizabeth Bird, and Caitlyn J. Durgin
Chapter 14: Tramadol
Kelly E. Dunn, Judy Ashworth, and Eric C. Strain
Chapter 15: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): Pharmacology and Use of a Naturally Occurring Atypical Opioid
Kirsten E. Smith, Oliver Grundmann, Marc T. Swogger, and Albert Garcia-Romeu
Chapter 16: Ibogaine and Noribogaine
Deborah C. Mash and Michael Karukin
Chapter 17: Abuse Deterrent and Sustained Release Opioid Formulations
Rachel R. Luba, Sandra D. Comer, and Edward V. Nunes
Chapter 18: Methadone
Jonathan R. Buchholz, Molly Kalmoe, Justin Stamschror, and Andrew J. Saxon
Chapter 19: Buprenorphine
Eric C. Strain and Andrew Gaddis
Chapter 20: Naltrexone
Marina Tsoy-Podosenin and Evgeny Krupitsky
Chapter 21: Clonidine
Mark S. Gold and Kenneth Blum
Chapter 22: Lofexidine
Charles W. Gorodetzky, Kristen L. Gullo, and Marc Fishman
Chapter 23: Injectable Opioid Treatment
Eugenia Oviedo-Joekes
Chapter 24: Long-Term Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder With Medications
Aaron S. Wolfgang, Melissa B. Weimer, Peter J. Na, David A. Fiellin, and Srinivas B. Muvvala
Chapter 25: Supervised Withdrawal Opioid Use Disorder Treatments
Kelly E. Dunn and Andrew S. Huhn
Chapter 26: Psychosocial Treatment Methods
Jessica M. Peirce, Denis G. Antoine, Alexis S. Hammond, and Michael S. Kidorf
Chapter 27: Behavioral and Self-directed Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder
Wendy Insalaco and J. Gregory Hobelmann
Chapter 28: Contingency Management Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder
August F. Holtyn, Forrest Toegel, and Matthew D. Novak
Chapter 29: Treating Opioid Use During Pregnancy and Postpartum Life Phases
Hendree E. Jones
Chapter 30: Pharmacy-Based Treatment Options for Opioid Use Disorder
Ali Cheetham and Suzanne Nielsen
Chapter 31: Opioid Overdose: Mechanisms and Naloxone
Jermaine D. Jones, Rachel R. Luba, Mudassir Mumtaz, and Felipe Castillo
Chapter 32: Opioid Overdose: Intervention Strategies
Laura Brandt
Chapter 33: Supervised Consumption Services
Jeanette Bowles, Meaghan Thumath, Gillian Kolla, Zoe Dodd, Jaime Arredondo Sanchez Lira, Frank Crichlow, and Leo Beletsky
Chapter 34: Psychiatric Comorbidities Among Persons Who Are Using Opioids
R. Kathryn McHugh
Chapter 35: Sex as a Biological Variable and Gender as a Social Construct in the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder
Andrew S. Huhn
Chapter 36: Challenges of Opioid Use Disorder in Rural Settings
Stacey C. Sigmon and Jennifer R. Havens
Chapter 37: Differences Between Those Engaged in Heroin Use and Non-Prescribed Opioid Use
Ty S. Schepis, Bowie Duncan, and Katherine Vrotsos
Chapter 38: The Impact of Opioid Use Disorder on Families and Children
Erin L. Winstanley, Amanda Newhouse, and Kari-Beth Law
