Contents
Preface vii
Acknowledgments ix
Reviewers x
Part I Laboratory Tests 001
Chapter 1 USING LABORATORY DATA 002
Chapter 2 HEMATOLOGY TESTS 025
Chapter 3 ROUTINE URINALYSIS AND OTHER URINE TESTS 064
Chapter 4 RENAL FUNCTION TESTS 090
Chapter 5 FOUR COMMONLY MEASURED ELECTROLYTES 111
Chapter 6 ARTERIAL BLOOD GASES AND RELATED TESTS 138
Chapter 7 THREE LESS COMMONLY MEASURED ELECTROLYTES 170
Chapter 8 TESTS TO MEASURE THE METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE AND OTHER SUGARS 193
Chapter 9 TESTS TO MEASURE LIPID METABOLISM AND OTHER CARDIAC RISK FACTORS 225
Chapter 10 TESTS RELATED TO SERUM PROTEIN LEVELS, TUMOR MARKERS, AND CANCER GENOMICS 246
Chapter 11 TESTS TO MEASURE THE METABOLISM OF BILIRUBIN 278
Chapter 12 TESTS TO MEASURE ENZYMES AND CARDIAC MARKERS 295
Chapter 13 COAGULATION TESTS AND TESTS TO DETECT OCCULT BLOOD 324
Chapter 14 SEROLOGIC TESTS, IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 363
Chapter 15 ENDOCRINE TESTS 412
Chapter 16 CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY TESTS AND RAPID TESTS FOR INFECTIONS 457
Chapter 17 THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING AND TOXICOLOGY SCREENS 495
Chapter 18 TESTS PERFORMED IN PREGNANCY, THE NEWBORN PERIOD, AND FOR GENETIC SCREENING 525
PART II Case Studies 555
Chapter 19 PRACTICE INTERPRETATION OF LABORATORY DATA 556
PART III Diagnostic Procedures 565
Chapter 20 DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGIC TESTS 566
Chapter 21 BODY SCANS: CT, MRI AND OTHERS 599
Chapter 22 NUCLEAR SCANS: DIAGNOSTIC TESTS WITH RADIONUCLIDES OR RADIOISOTOPES 621
Chapter 23 DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY 647
Chapter 24 COMMON NONINVASIVE DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 668
Chapter 25 COMMON INVASIVE TESTS 691
Chapter 26 STRESS TESTS, CARDIAC CATHETERIZATIONS, ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC STUDIES, AND SYNCOPE TESTS 718
Chapter 27 ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES 735
Chapter 28 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES RELATED TO CHILDBEARING YEARS 751
Appendix A REFERENCE VALUES FOR NEWBORNS AND CHILDREN COMPARED WITH ADULT VALUES 775
Appendix B POSSIBLE ALTERATIONS IN REFERENCE VALUES FOR THE AGED 778
Appendix C ALTERED REFERENCE VALUES FOR COMMON LABORATORY TESTS IN NORMAL PREGNANCIES 780
Appendix D UNITS OF MEASURE 782
Appendix E ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS FOR PART I (LABORATORY TESTS) 784
Appendix F ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS FOR PART III (DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES) 786
Appendix G SI CONVERSION FACTORS 787
Appendix H DIAGRAMS OF LABORATORY RESULTS 791
Index 793
