The Fundamentals of Human Embryology covers embryonic development, with a unique focus on adult anatomy. Its goal is to impart to students a comprehensive overview of how the human embryo forms, not only as a basis for the student of human anatomy, but also as a link to abnormalities they may encounter in their clinical careers. Extensively illustrated with labeled line drawings, now enlarged for better visibility, this concise manual will meet the needs of both undergraduate and postgraduate students in the Human Sciences.
Special features include:
* Separate chapters on the neural crest, the skull and osteogenesis
* In-depth coverage of head and neck embryology, including the development of the tooth, for students of dentistry, and speech and audiology
In this Second Edition of the manual at the request of students and teachers, the authors have made the following changes:
* Increased the size of the diagrams
* Revised the text to comply with the Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology changes to the Terminologia Embryologica
* Altered the sequencing of some topics to allow the development to flow more logically
* Included an appendix of coloured photographs of congenital abnormalities to help students form a more realistic idea of developmental abnormalities.
Auflage
Sprache
Verlagsort
Zielgruppe
Produkt-Hinweis
Illustrationen
270 black and white illustrations
Maße
Höhe: 274 mm
Breite: 208 mm
Dicke: 13 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-1-86814-503-4 (9781868145034)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Klassifikation
John Allan is Emeritus Professor of Applied and Functional Anatomy in the School of Human Sciences at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
Beverley Kramer is Head of the School of Anatomical Sciences at the University of the Witwaters-rand, and President of the Anatomical Society of Southern Africa.
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
Terminology
Advice to the Student about Embryology
CHAPTER ONE: Preparation of Gametes for Embryonic Development
THE CELL
Mitosis
Meiosis
Oogenic' Meiosis
'Spermatogenic' Meiosis
Gametogenesis
Fertilisation and Cleavage
CHAPTER TWO: Formation of the Embryo and Implantation
FORMATION OF THE EMBRYO
The Fate of the Mesoderm
Derivatives of the Paraxial Mesoderm
Derivative of the Intermediate Mesoderm
Derivatives of the Lateral Plate Mesoderm
Implantation, Placentation and Extra-embryonic Membranes
Placenta Formation
The Fate of the Extra-embryonic Membranes
FORMATION AND FATE OF THE INTRA-EMBRYONIC
AND EXTRA-EMBRYONIC COELOMATA
Formation of the Extra-embryonic Coelom
Formation of the Intra-embryonic Coelom
The Fate of the Intra-embryonic Coelom
CHAPTER THREE: Organogenesis
THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
The Earliest Blood Vessels
Early Heart Development
Formation of Bilateral Atrioventricular Canals
Septation of the Atrium
Expansion of the Left Atrium
Formation of the 'Spiral' Septum of the Truncus Arteriosus
Formation of the Semilunar Valves
Septation of the Ventricle
Formation of the Atrioventricular Valves
Formation of the Coronary Arteries and Veins
Development of the Systemic Arteries
Fate of the Pharyngeal Arch Arteries
Fate of the Branches of the Dorsal Aorta
Development of Limb Arteries
Upper Limb
Lower Limb
Development of Veins
Vitelline and Umbilical Veins
Formation of the Portal Vein
Development of the Lymphatic System
The Conducting System of the Heart
Anatomical and Physiological Changes to the Circulation at Birth
GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT AND RELATED STRUCTURES
Development of Structures of Head and Neck
Development of the Face
Derivatives of the Stomodeum
Development of the Hypopyhsis Cerebri (Pituitary Gland)
DEVELOPMENT OF NOSE AND PALATE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEETH
THE PHARYNX AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Development of the Pharyngeal Arches
The Pharyngeal Grooves
The Pharyngeal Pouches
The Development of the Tongue
The Development of the Thyroid Gland
Development of the Salivary Glands
The Development of the Gastro-intestinal Tract
Development of the Stomach and Duodenum
Development of the Midgut
Development of the Hindgut
Development of Associated Gastro-intestinal Organs and the Spleen
Spleen
Liver
Pancreas
Development of the Diaphragm
DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
UROGENITAL SYSTEM
Urinary System
Development of the Kidney
Development of the Urinary Bladder and Urethra
Formation of the Prostate Gland
Genital System
The Indifferent Gonad
Development of the Testis and its Relationship to the Mesonephric Duct
Development of the Ovary and Uterus
Development of the External Genitalia
DEVELOPMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
Central Nervous System
Early Development
Development of the Spinal Cord
General Development of the Brain
Development of the Telencephalon
Formation of the Cerebral Cortex
Development of the Diencephalon
Combined Development of the Telencephalon and Diencephalon
Development of the Midbrain
Formation of the Choroidal Fissure and Choroid Plexus
Formation of the Commissures of the Brain
The Rostral Group
The Posterior Group
Development of the Rhombencephalon
Development of the Cerebellum
Development of the Peripheral Nervous System
The Cranial Nerves
Spinal Nerves
The Autonomic Nervous System
Development of Pre- and Postganglionic Fibres
Development of Sympathetic Trunk
Development of Prevertebrate Ganglia
Development of Primary and Secondary Sympathetic Outflows
THE NEURAL CREST
Origin of Neural Crest Cells
Migration of Neural Crest Cells
Cranial Neural Crest
Trunk Neural Crest
The Ailing Neural Crest
Development of the Eye
General Development
Development of the Optic Cup
Development of the Ciliary Body
Development of the Iris
Development of the Lens
Development of the External Layers of the Eye
Development of the Ear
Structures Developing in the Membranous Labyrinth
Skeletal and Muscular Systems
Development of a Typical Vertebra
Development of the Myotome and Associated Nervous Elements
Development of the Limbs
Development of the External Features of the Limbs
Development of the Internal Structures of the Limbs
Development of Limb Joints
Development of the Limb Musculature
Innervation of the Limbs
Development of the Arteries of the Limbs
Venous Drainage of the Limbs
Rotation of the Limbs
Osteogenesis
Intramembranous Ossification
Endochondral Ossification
Remodelling of Bone
The Development of the Skull
Development of the Neurocranium
Development of the Basicranium
Development of the Viscerocranium
Growth of the Skull
Diploe
Sutural Growth
Fontanelles
The Development of the Temporomandibular Joint
The Integument (The Skin and its Appendages)
Epidermis
Dermis
Hair
Sebaceous Glands
Sweat (Sudoriferous) Glands
Mammary Glands
Nails
INDEX
APPENDIX
THE FUNDAMENTALS
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
Terminology
Advice to the Student about Embryology
CHAPTER ONE: Preparation of Gametes for Embryonic Development
THE CELL
Mitosis
Meiosis
Oogenic' Meiosis
'Spermatogenic' Meiosis
Gametogenesis
Fertilisation and Cleavage
CHAPTER TWO: Formation of the Embryo and Implantation
FORMATION OF THE EMBRYO
The Fate of the Mesoderm
Derivatives of the Paraxial Mesoderm
Derivative of the Intermediate Mesoderm
Derivatives of the Lateral Plate Mesoderm
Implantation, Placentation and Extra-embryonic Membranes
Placenta Formation
The Fate of the Extra-embryonic Membranes
FORMATION AND FATE OF THE INTRA-EMBRYONIC
AND EXTRA-EMBRYONIC COELOMATA
Formation of the Extra-embryonic Coelom
Formation of the Intra-embryonic Coelom
The Fate of the Intra-embryonic Coelom
CHAPTER THREE: Organogenesis
THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
The Earliest Blood Vessels
Early Heart Development
Formation of Bilateral Atrioventricular Canals
Septation of the Atrium
Expansion of the Left Atrium
Formation of the 'Spiral' Septum of the Truncus Arteriosus
Formation of the Semilunar Valves
Septation of the Ventricle
Formation of the Atrioventricular Valves
Formation of the Coronary Arteries and Veins
Development of the Systemic Arteries
Fate of the Pharyngeal Arch Arteries
Fate of the Branches of the Dorsal Aorta
Development of Limb Arteries
Upper Limb
Lower Limb
Development of Veins
Vitelline and Umbilical Veins
Formation of the Portal Vein
Development of the Lymphatic System
The Conducting System of the Heart
Anatomical and Physiological Changes to the Circulation at Birth
GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT AND RELATED STRUCTURES
Development of Structures of Head and Neck
Development of the Face
Derivatives of the Stomodeum
Development of the Hypopyhsis Cerebri (Pituitary Gland)
DEVELOPMENT OF NOSE AND PALATE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEETH
THE PHARYNX AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Development of the Pharyngeal Arches
The Pharyngeal Grooves
The Pharyngeal Pouches
The Development of the Tongue
The Development of the Thyroid Gland
Development of the Salivary Glands
The Development of the Gastro-intestinal Tract
Development of the Stomach and Duodenum
Development of the Midgut
Development of the Hindgut
Development of Associated Gastro-intestinal Organs and the Spleen
Spleen
Liver
Pancreas
Development of the Diaphragm
DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
UROGENITAL SYSTEM
Urinary System
Development of the Kidney
Development of the Urinary Bladder and Urethra
Formation of the Prostate Gland
Genital System
The Indifferent Gonad
Development of the Testis and its Relationship to the Mesonephric Duct
Development of the Ovary and Uterus
Development of the External Genitalia
DEVELOPMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
Central Nervous System
Early Development
Development of the Spinal Cord
General Development of the Brain
Development of the Telencephalon
Formation of the Cerebral Cortex
Development of the Diencephalon
Combined Development of the Telencephalon and Diencephalon
Development of the Midbrain
Formation of the Choroidal Fissure and Choroid Plexus
Formation of the Commissures of the Brain
The Rostral Group
The Posterior Group
Development of the Rhombencephalon
Development of the Cerebellum
Development of the Peripheral Nervous System
The Cranial Nerves
Spinal Nerves
The Autonomic Nervous System
Development of Pre- and Postganglionic Fibres
Development of Sympathetic Trunk
Development of Prevertebrate Ganglia
Development of Primary and Secondary Sympathetic Outflows
THE NEURAL CREST
Origin of Neural Crest Cells
Migration of Neural Crest Cells
Cranial Neural Crest
Trunk Neural Crest
The Ailing Neural Crest
Development of the Eye
General Development
Development of the Optic Cup
Development of the Ciliary Body
Development of the Iris
Development of the Lens
Development of the External Layers of the Eye
Development of the Ear
Structures Developing in the Membranous Labyrinth
Skeletal and Muscular Systems
Development of a Typical Vertebra
Development of the Myotome and Associated Nervous Elements
Development of the Limbs
Development of the External Features of the Limbs
Development of the Internal Structures of the Limbs
Development of Limb Joints
Development of the Limb Musculature
Innervation of the Limbs
Development of the Arteries of the Limbs
Venous Drainage of the Limbs
Rotation of the Limbs
Osteogenesis
Intramembranous Ossification
Endochondral Ossification
Remodelling of Bone
The Development of the Skull
Development of the Neurocranium
Development of the Basicranium
Development of the Viscerocranium
Growth of the Skull
Diploe
Sutural Growth
Fontanelles
The Development of the Temporomandibular Joint
The Integument (The Skin and its Appendages)
Epidermis
Dermis
Hair
Sebaceous Glands
Sweat (Sudoriferous) Glands
Mammary Glands
Nails
INDEX
APPENDIX
THE FUNDAMENTALS
