
Beginning to Spell
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Content
- Intro
- Contents
- 1. Introduction
- The Study
- The Sound System of English
- The Writing System of English
- Previous Research on Children's Spelling
- 2. Spelling of Words
- Correct Spellings
- Legal Spellings
- Changes in Correct and Legal Spellings over the School Year
- Types of Words Attempted
- Adults' Ability to Interpret Legal Misspellings
- Summary of Findings
- Implications
- 3. Spelling of Phonemes: Correct Spellings, Legal Substitutions, and Illegal Substitutions
- Correct Spellings
- Substitution Errors
- Summary of Findings
- Comparison with Results of Other Studies
- Implications
- 4. Vowels
- Children's Spellings of Vowel Phonemes
- Comparison with Results of Other Studies
- Factors That Affect Children's Spellings of Vowels
- Implications
- 5. Consonants
- Children's Spellings of Consonant Phonemes
- Comparison with Results of Other Studies
- Factors That Affect Children's Spellings of Consonants
- Implications
- 6. The Influence of Orthography on Children's Spelling of Vowels and Consonants
- Vowels and Consonants Conventionally Spelled with More Than One Letter
- Graphemic Alternations
- Comparison with Results of Other Studies
- Implications
- 7. Vowel Omissions
- Factors Associated with Vowel Omission Errors
- Factors Not Significantly Associated with Vowel Omission Errors
- Statistical Analyses
- Changes from First to Second Semester of the School Year
- Summary of Results
- Comparison with Results of Other Studies
- Implications
- 8. Consonant Omissions
- Factors Associated with Consonant Omission Errors
- Factors Not Significantly Associated with Consonant Omission Errors
- Statistical Analyses
- Changes from First to Second Semester of the School Year
- Summary of Results
- Comparison of Consonant Omissions and Vowel Omissions
- Comparison with Results of Other Studies
- Implications
- 9. Reversals
- Factors Associated with Reversals of Adjacent Phonemes
- Comparison with Results of Other Studies
- Summary of Results
- Implications
- 10. Inflected and Derived Words
- Children's Spellings of Inflected Words
- Children's Spellings of Derived Words
- Comparison with Results of Other Studies
- Summary and Implications
- 11. Conclusions and Implications
- Classification of Spelling Errors
- Models of the Spelling Process
- Children's Phonological Systems
- What Kind of Writing System is Easiest to Learn?
- The Relation between Spelling and Reading
- The Teaching of Spelling
- Appendix I
- Appendix II
- Bibliography
- Glossary
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- L
- M
- N
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- P
- R
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- U
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- W
- Author Index
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- J
- K
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- M
- N
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- P
- R
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- W
- Z
- Subject Index
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- K
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