Practical Contexts
Description
The thought and the findings of moral particularism are extended to contextualism. Moral particularism asserts that reasons for moral actions are not governed by general principles, but by a mixture of situation bound deliberation and values. Particularism was established in the area of moral philosophy and its main results include delimitation with various forms of moral generalism. Many insights were accumulated along the way. The book claims that a serious contextualist approach needs to embrace particularist normativity. Thesis is then applied to the traditional areas of philosophy such as semantics, epistemology and ontology. This makes it possible to ask questions about the positive and not just negative story and about the wider impact of particularism. The book is an attempt of such a positive story. Foundations are laid for an exciting new field of research in the main systematic branches of philosophy, urging you to rethink the normative basis of semantics, epistemology and metaphysics, in their interweaving with moral thought. The importance of narration and of phenomenology is stressed for these areas.
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2 - I.POSITIVE AND WIDE IMPACT OF PARTICULARISM [Seite 11]
2.1 - Delineating Moral Particularism [Seite 12]
2.2 - The Lessons and Morals of Moral Particularism [Seite 17]
2.3 - Wider Positive Project [Seite 19]
2.4 - Particularism and Metaphysics13 [Seite 22]
3 - II.PRACTICAL CONTEXTS [Seite 25]
3.1 - Particularism and Context [Seite 26]
3.2 - Why Contexts would Figure as Reasons for Action? [Seite 29]
3.3 - Humeans: Beliefs and desires lead to action, desires dominating beliefs. [Seite 34]
3.4 - Dancy's Pure Cognitivism Thesis: Belief dominate desires as reasonsfor action. Beliefs are more objective than desires. [Seite 35]
3.5 - Practical Reality [Seite 37]
3.6 - Practical Contexts: contexts have normative authority as reasons. [Seite 40]
3.7 - Objection Considered and Some Further Matters [Seite 42]
4 - III.PARTICULARISM AND PRODUCTIVITY ARGUMENT [Seite 47]
4.1 - Patterns [Seite 48]
4.2 - Systematizing of Lists: by General Principles? [Seite 52]
4.3 - Arbitrariness and the Weirdly Blinking Machine [Seite 55]
4.4 - Productivity Argument [Seite 57]
4.5 - Dynamical Cognition33 Based Judgments Assure Relevance upon anIntractable Basis [Seite 61]
4.6 - Some Further Remarks and Objections [Seite 61]
5 - IV.THE HEART OF KNOWLEDGE35 [Seite 63]
5.1 - Reasons and Knowledge [Seite 64]
5.2 - Knowledge as Justified True Belief [Seite 69]
5.3 - Contextualism and the Elusiveness of Knowledge [Seite 77]
5.4 - No Justification and Rules of Relevance [Seite 83]
5.5 - Particularist Justification in Context [Seite 88]
6 - V.NARRATION [Seite 93]
6.1 - What is Narration? [Seite 93]
6.2 - The Role of Explanation [Seite 94]
6.3 - Narrative Explanation [Seite 98]
6.4 - Narration and Relevance [Seite 101]
7 - VI.PARTICULARIST COMPOSITIONALITY [Seite 103]
7.1 - Presuppositions of the Classicist View of Compositionality [Seite 103]
7.2 - Where Classicism Goes Wrong [Seite 105]
7.3 - The Possibility of the Particularist Non-Arbitrariness of Composition [Seite 108]
7.4 - More on FPCD [Seite 116]
7.5 - A Particularist Methodological Remark on HT Approach [Seite 121]
8 - VII.DYNAMICAL COGNITION [Seite 125]
8.1 - Classical Cognitive Science and Marr's Three Levels of Cognitive System'sDescription [Seite 126]
8.2 - Connectionism [Seite 127]
8.3 - Dynamical Cognition and Morphological Content [Seite 130]
8.4 - The Case of Epistemic Normativity [Seite 134]
8.5 - Conclusion [Seite 135]
9 - VIII.PHENOMENOLOGY OF OBJECT CONSTITUTION [Seite 139]
9.1 - The Constitution of Ordinary Objects [Seite 140]
9.2 - How do Metaphysicians Usually Present the Constitution of Objects? [Seite 142]
9.3 - Generalist Problems with Ordinary Objects [Seite 144]
9.4 - Particularistic Object Constitution [Seite 149]
10 - IX.THE HEART OF EXISTENCE [Seite 153]
10.1 - Pascal's Distinction, Ontology and Normativity [Seite 153]
10.2 - Monistic Metaphysics [Seite 159]
10.3 - Problems of Normative Conditions in Metaphysics [Seite 162]
10.4 - Ultimate and Regional Ontology [Seite 165]
10.5 - Holistic and Rich Regional Ontology [Seite 172]
10.6 - Conclusion [Seite 173]
11 - References [Seite 175]
