Lignocellulose Bioconversion Through White Biotechnology
Description
Comprehensive resource summarizing the recent technological advancements in white biotechnology and biomass conversion into fuels, chemicals, food, and more
Lignocellulose Bioconversion Through White Biotechnology presents cutting-edge information on lignocellulose biomass conversion, detailing how white biotechnology can develop sustainable biomass pretreatment methods, effective plant cell wall degrading enzymes to yield high quality cellulosic sugars, and the eventual conversion of these sugars into fuels, chemicals, and other materials. To provide comprehensive coverage of the subject, the work offers in-depth critical analysis into both techno-economic and life cycle analysis of lignocellulose-based products.
Each of the 16 chapters, written by a well-qualified and established researchers, academics, or engineers, presents key information on a specific facet of lignocellulose-based products. Topics covered include:
* Lignocellulose feedstock availability, types of feedstock, and potential crops that are of high interest to the industry
* Lignocellulose bioconversion, including both foundational technical aspects and new modern developments
* Plant cell wall degrading enzymes, including cellulase improvement and production challenges/solutions when scaling up
* Improvements and challenges when considering fermenting microorganisms for cellulosic sugars utilization
* Scaling up of lignocellulose conversion, including insight into current challenges and future practices
* Techno-economic aspects of lignocellulose feedstock conversion, green consumerism and industrialization aspects of renewable fuels/chemicals
Students, academics, researchers, bio-business analysts, and policy-makers working on sustainable fuels, chemicals, materials, and renewable fuels can use Lignocellulose Bioconversion Through White Biotechnology to gain invaluable expert insight into the subject, its current state of the art, and potential exciting future avenues to explore.
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Anuj Kumar Chandel, Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil.
Content
List of Contributors xiii
Preface xx
1 White Biotechnology: Impeccable Role in Sustainable Bioeconomy 1
Anuj Kumar Chandel, Jesús J. Ascencio, Akhilesh K. Singh, Ruly T. Hilares, Lucas Ramos, Rishi Gupta, Yeruva Thirupathaiah, and Sridevi Jagavati
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Biomass Feedstock: Types and Composition 3
1.3 Biomass Pretreatment: An Overview and State- of- the- Art 4
1.4 Lignocellulosic Sugar Production 5
1.5 Production of Ethanol and Biodiesel 8
1.6 Drop- in Renewable Biofuels: Green Hydrocarbons 11
1.7 Global Scenario of the Biofuel Industry 12
1.8 Economic Outcomes 14
1.9 Sustainability and Biorefinery 16
1.10 Conclusion 16
2 Lignocellulose Feedstock Availability, Types of Feedstocks, and New Designer Crops 24
V. Guadalupe Bustos, R. Daniel Trujillo, C. Linda M. Martínez, and S. Rodolfo Torres
2.1 Introduction 24
2.2 Lignocellulosic Biomass 25
2.3 Biomass Conversion Pathways 29
2.4 Different Types of Biomass Available in Mexico 36
2.5 Conclusion 42
3 Lignocellulose Bioconversion: Technical Aspects and New Developments 55
J Gamboa- Santos and A Alzamendi
3.1 Introduction 55
3.2 Lignocellulosic (LC) Biomass Composition 56
3.3 Biorefinery Concept in the Era of Sustainable Circular Economy 57
3.4 Biorefinery Treatments 58
3.5 New Innovative Technologies and Developments 67
3.6 Final Remarks 74
4 An Evaluation of Steam Explosion Pretreatment to Enhance the Digestibility of Lignocellulosic Biomass 83
Bhima Bhukya and Praveen K. Keshav
4.1 Introduction 83
4.2 Mode of Action and Types of Steam Explosion Pretreatment 86
4.3 Factors Affecting the Steam Explosion Pretreatment 87
4.4 Various Post- pretreatment Approaches to Improve Saccharification of Steam Exploded Biomass 91
4.5 Summary and Conclusions 91
5 The Role of Plant Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes in Biorefinery Development 99
Katarina R. Mihajlovski and Marija D. Miliæ
5.1 Introduction 99
5.2 Lignocellulosic Biomass- the Plant Cell Wall 100
5.3 The Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes 101
5.4 Cellulases in a Biorefinery Development 102
5.5 Microbial Fermentations for Cellulase Production 121
5.6 Conclusion 124
6 Microbial Production of Biobased Chemicals: Improvements and Challenges 136
Luana Assis Serra, Débora Trichez, Clara Vida G. C. Carneiro, Letícia M. Mallmann Ferreira, Paula F. Franco, and João Ricardo M. Almeida
6.1 Introduction 136
6.2 Challenges in Developing Microorganisms for Lignocellulosic Sugar Utilization 138
6.3 Relevant Biobased Chemicals from Biomass 141
6.4 Microbial Products from Sugar Fermentation 145
6.5 Conclusion 165
7 Molecular Biology Based Innovations in Lignocellulose Biorefinery 177
Nilesh Kumar Sharma and Mohit Bibra
7.1 Introduction 177
7.2 Lignocellulosic Biomass Potential 178
7.3 Biomass Pretreatment 178
7.4 Different Approaches to Enhance Xylose Utilization 183
7.5 Conclusion and Future Prospects 192
8 Recent Developments in Synthetic Biology and their Role in Uplifting Lignocellulose Bioeconomy 203
Nayanika Sarkar, Adhinarayan Vamsidhar, Pratham Khaitan, and Samuel Jacob
8.1 Introduction 203
8.2 Synthetic Biology Routes for Cellulose Degradation in Lignocellulosic Biomass 209
8.3 Synthetic Biology Routes for the Production of Low- value and High- value Alcohols 213
8.4 Conclusion 217
9 Lignocellulose Bioconversion through Chemical Methods, Platform Chemicals, and New Chemicals 221
Manoela Martins, Patrícia F. Ávila, Marcos Fellipe da Silva, Allan Henrique Felix de Melo, Alberto M. Moura Lopes, and Rosana Goldbeck
9.1 Introduction 221
9.2 Lignocellulosic Biomass 222
9.3 Pretreatment and Fractionation of Lignocellulosic Materials 223
9.4 Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass 229
9.5 Biorefinery-Biobased Chemicals Platform 233
10 Lignin Conversion through Biological and Chemical Routes 248
Marcos H. L. Silveira, Alain E. M. Mera, Anuj Kumar Chandel, and Eduardo A. Ribeiro
10.1 Introduction 248
10.2 Conclusions 255
11 Downstream Processing in Lignocellulose Conversion: Current Challenges and Future Practices 261
Kelly J. Dussán, Débora D. V. Silva, Ana F. M. Costa, Luana C. Grangeiro, and Ellen C. Giese
11.1 Introduction 261
11.2 Challenges and Perspectives Encompassing Circular Economy 263
11.3 Improving Lignocellulose Conversion for Future Bioeconomy 267
11.4 Industry 4.0: Advanced Technologies for the Biorefinery Platform 274
11.5 Conclusions 280
12 Scale- up Process Challenges in Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion and Possible Solutions to Overcome the Hurdles 289
Henrique M. Baudel, Danielle Matias Rodrigues, Eduardo Diebold, and Anuj Kumar Chandel
12.1 Introduction 289
12.2 Lignocellulosic Conversion Processes and Engineering: Challenges and Possible Solutions 293
12.3 Ethanol from Eucalyptus Wastes 304
12.4 Ethanol and Xylitol Production from Sprinkled Sugarcane Straw 307
12.5 Conclusions and Remarks 309
13 Techno- economic Analysis of Bioconversion of Woody Biomass to Ethanol 312
Deepak Kumar, Anuj Kumar Chandel, and Lakhveer Singh
13.1 Introduction 312
13.2 Techno- economic Analysis 313
13.3 Bioconversion of Woody Biomass to Ethanol 315
13.4 Techno- economic Analysis of Woody Biomass to Ethanol 320
13.5 Integrated TEA and life cycle assessment (LCA) 323
13.6 Conclusions 325
14 Environmental Indicators, Life Cycle Analysis and Ecological Perspective on Biomass Conversion 330
Andreza A. Longati, Ediane S. Alves, Simone C. Myoshi, Andrew M. Elias, Felipe F. Furlan, Everson A. Miranda, and Roberto C. Giordano
14.1 Introduction 330
14.2 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 334
14.3 New Brazilian National Biofuel Policy (RenovaBio): A Case Study for Sugarcane Distilleries 338
14.4 Process Systems Engineering Tools for Biomass LCA 341
14.5 Retro Techno- economic Environmental Analysis 343
15 Green Consumerism and Role in Uplifting Lignocellulose Bioeconomy 351
BS Dhanya
15.1 Introduction 351
15.2 Lignocellulosic Biomass and its Contribution in Bioeconomy 352
15.3 Lignocellulosic Bioeconomy and its Sustainability in the World 356
15.4 Green Consumerism and its Upsurge in the Lignocellulosic Bioeconomy 359
15.5 Challenges in Green Consumerism 361
15.6 Future Prospects 363
15.7 Conclusion 363
16 Going Green: Achieving the Circular Economy with Sustainable Biorefineries, Process Scale- Up, and Fermentation Optimization 367
Sreenivas R. Ravella, David N. Bryant, Phil J. Hobbs, Ana Winters, David J. Warren- Walker, and Joe Gallagher
16.1 Introduction 367
16.2 Sustainable Biorefineries and Supply Chain Aspects 368
16.3 Pretreatment of Biomass Using Pilot- Scale Steam Explosion Rigs 370
16.4 Taguchi Methodology for Process Optimization 372
16.5 Process Automation 372
16.6 Microbial Adaptation, Evolution, and Diversity for Process Optimization 381
16.7 Final Remarks and Conclusions 387
Acknowledgements 388
References 388
Index 398
List of Contributors
João Ricardo M. Almeida
Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology
Embrapa Agroenergia
Brasília
Brazil
Graduate Program of Microbial Biology
Department of Cell BiologyInstitute of BiologyUniversity of Brasília
Brasília
Brazil
Ediane S. Alves
Chemical Engineering Graduate Program
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
São Carlos, SP
Brazil
A Alzamendi
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
Buenos Aires
Argentina
Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
Jesús J. Ascencio
Department of Biotechnology
Engineering School of Lorena (EEL)
University of São Paulo (USP)
Lorena, São Paulo
Brazil
Patrícia F. Ávila
Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory
School of Food Engineering,
University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Campinas, SP
Brazil
Henrique M. Baudel
America Biomass Technologies
Piracicaba
Brazil
Department of Chemical Engineering
Federal University of Pernambuco
Recife
Brazil
Bhima Bhukya
Centre for Microbial and Fermentation Technology
Department of Microbiology
University College of Science
Osmania University
Hyderabad, Telangana
India
Mohit Bibra
Prairie AquaTech LLC
South Dakota
Brookings, SD
USA
David N. Bryant
Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS)
Aberystwyth University
Aberystwyth, UK
Clara Vida G. C. Carneiro
Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology
Embrapa Agroenergia
Brasília, Brazil
Graduate Program of Microbial Biology
Department of Cell Biology
Institute of Biology
University of Brasília
Brasília, Brazil
Anuj Kumar Chandel
Department of Biotechnology
Engineering School of Lorena (EEL)
University of São Paulo (USP)
Lorena, São Paulo
Brazil
Ana F. M. Costa
Centre Nacional de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (LGC) and Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Heterochemistry (LHFA)
Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse
Toulouse, France
BS Dhanya
Department of Biotechnology
Udaya School of Engineering
Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu
India
Eduardo Diebold
America Biomass Technologies
Piracicaba
Brazil
Kelly J. Dussán
Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics
Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP)
Araraquara, SP
Brazil
Bioenergy Research Institute (IPBEN)
São Paulo State University (UNESP)
Araraquara, SP
Brazil
Center for Monitoring and Research of the Quality of Fuels, Biofuels, Crude Oil, and Derivatives
Institute of Chemistry (CEMPEQC)
São Paulo State University (UNESP)
Araraquara, SP
Brazil
Andrew M. Elias
Chemical Engineering Graduate Program
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
São Carlos, SP
Brazil
EBRAPA Instrumentation
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-EMBRAPA
São Carlos, SP
Brazil
Marcos Fellipe da Silva
Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory School of Food Engineering
University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Campinas, SP
Brazil
Paula F. Franco
Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology
Embrapa Agroenergia
Brasília, Brazil
Felipe F. Furlan
Chemical Engineering Graduate Program
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
São Carlos, SP
Brazil
Department of Chemical Engineering
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
São Carlos, SP
Brazil
Joe Gallagher
Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS)
Aberystwyth University
Aberystwyth, UK
J Gamboa-Santos
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
Buenos Aires
Argentina
Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA-CONICET UNLP)
La Plata, Argentina
Ellen C. Giese
Service of Extractive Metallurgy and Bioprocesses
Centre for Mineral Technology (CETEM)
Rio de Janeiro, RJ
Brazil
Roberto C. Giordano
Chemical Engineering Graduate Program
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
São Carlos, SP
Brazil
Department of Chemical Engineering
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
São Carlos, SP
Brazil
Rosana Goldbeck
Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory
School of Food Engineering
University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Campinas, SP
Brazil
Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos - DEA
Laboratório de Engenharia Metabólica e Bioprocessos - LEMEB
Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP
Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz
Campinas-SP
Brazil
Luana C. Grangeiro
Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics
Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP)
Araraquara, SP
Brazil
V. Guadalupe Bustos
Department of Biotechnology
University Autonomous of Tamaulipas
Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Mante
Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas
Mexico
Rishi Gupta
Anton Paar India Pvt Ltd
Gurgaon
Haryana
India
Ruly T. Hilares
Laboratório de Materials
Universidad Católica de Santa Maria-UCSM
Yanahuara, Arequipa
Perú
Phil J. Hobbs
Anaerobic Analytics
Okehampton, UK
Samuel Jacob
Department of Biotechnology
School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
SRM Institute of Science and Technology
Tamil Nadu, India
Sridevi Jagavati
Department of Microbiology
Indira Priyadarshini Government Degree College for Women
Hyderabad
Telangana, India
Praveen K. Keshav
Centre for Microbial and Fermentation Technology
Department of Microbiology
University College of Science
Osmania University
Hyderabad, Telangana
India
Pratham Khaitan
Department of Biotechnology
School of Bioengineering
College of Engineering and Technology
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
SRM Institute of Science and Technology
Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu
India
Deepak Kumar
Department of Chemical Engineering
SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry
Syracuse, NY
USA
Andreza A. Longati
Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering
School of Chemical Engineering
University of Campinas
Campinas, SP
Brazil
Letícia M. Mallmann Ferreira
Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology
Embrapa Agroenergia
Brasília, Brazil
Graduate Program of Microbial Biology
Department of Cell Biology
Institute of Biology
University of Brasília
Brasília, Brazil
C. Linda M. Martínez
Department of Biotechnology
University Autonomous of Tamaulipas
Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Mante, Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas
Mexico
Department of Food Technology, University Autonomous of Tamaulipas Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán,Reynosa, Tamaulipas, México
Manoela Martins
Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory
School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Campinas, SP
Brazil
Danielle Matias Rodrigues
America Biomass Technologies
Piracicaba,
Brazil
Post-graduation Program, Bioenergy
University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Campinas, Brazil
Allan Henrique Felix de Melo
Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory
School of Food Engineering
University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Campinas, SP
Brazil
Alain E. M. Mera
Department of Biotechnology
Engineering School of Lorena (EEL)
University of São Paulo
Lorena/SP
Brazil
Katarina R. Mihajlovski
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
Belgrade
Serbia
Marija D. Milic
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
Belgrade, Serbia
Everson A. Miranda
Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering
School of Chemical Engineering
University of Campinas
Campinas, SP
Brazil
Alberto M. Moura Lopes
Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory
School of Food Engineering
University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Campinas, SP
Brazil
Simone C. Myoshi
Chemical Engineering Graduate Program
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
São Carlos, SP
Brazil
Lucas Ramos
Laboratório de Materials
Universidad Católica de Santa...
