Reliability, Maintainability, and Supportability

Foreword xviii Acknowledgments xxii Part I Reliability Engineering 1. Systems Engineering and the Sustainability Disciplines 3 1.1 Purpose of this Book 3 1.2 Goals 8 1.3 Scope 10 1.4 Audience 12 1.5 Getting Started 14 1.6 Key Success Factors for Systems Engineers in Reliability, Maintainability, and Supportability Engineering 15 1.7 Organizing a Course Using this Book 17 1.8 Chapter Summary 19 References 19 2. Reliability Requirements 20 2.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 20 2.2 Reliability for Systems Engineers 21 2.3 Reliability, Maintainability, and Supportability are Mutually Reinforcing 36 2.4 The Structure of Reliability Requirements 41 2.5 Examples of Reliability Requirements 46 2.6 Interpretation of Reliability Requirements 53 2.7 Some Additional Figures of Merit 65 2.8 Current Best Practices in Developing Reliability Requirements 73 2.9 Chapter Summary 79 2.10 Exercises 81 References 82 3. Reliability Modeling for Systems Engineers 84 3.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 84 3.2 Introduction 85 3.3 Reliability Effectiveness Criteria and Figures of Merit for Nonmaintained Units 87 3.4 Ensembles of Nonmaintained Components 120 3.5 Reliability Modeling Best Practices for Systems Engineers 146 3.6 Chapter Summary 146 3.7 Exercises 146 References 149 4. Reliability Modeling for Systems Engineers 153 4.1 What to Expect from this Chapter? 153 4.2 Introduction 154 4.3 Reliability Effectiveness Criteria and Figures of Merit for Maintained Systems 154 4.4 Maintained System Reliability Models 162 4.5 Stability of Reliability Models 181 4.6 Software Resources 182 4.7 Reliability Modeling Best Practices for Systems Engineers 182 4.8 Chapter Summary 186 4.9 Exercises 187 References 188 5. Comparing Predicted and Realized Reliability with Requirements 190 5.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 190 5.2 Introduction 190 5.3 Effectiveness Criteria, Figures of Merit, Metrics, and Predictions 191 5.4 Statistical Comparison Overview 194 5.5 Statistical Comparison Techniques 199 5.6 Failure Reporting and Corrective Action System 212 5.7 Reliability Testing 214 5.8 Best Practices in Reliability Requirements Comparisons 216 5.9 Chapter Summary 216 5.10 Exercises 217 References 218 6. Design for Reliability 219 6.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 219 6.2 Introduction 220 6.3 Techniques for Reliability Assessment 221 6.4 The Design for Reliability Process 224 6.5 Hardware Design for Reliability 228 6.6 Qualitative Design for Reliability Techniques 236 6.7 Design for Reliability for Software Products 251 6.8 Robust Design 252 6.9 Design for Reliability Best Practices for Systems Engineers 257 6.10 Software Resources 258 6.11 Chapter Summary 259 6.12 Exercises 259 References 260 7. Reliability Engineering for High?]Consequence Systems 262 7.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 262 7.2 Definition and Examples of High?]Consequence Systems 262 7.3 Reliability Requirements for High?]Consequence Systems 265 7.4 Strategies for Meeting Reliability Requirements in High?]Consequence Systems 267 7.5 Current Best Practices in Reliability Engineering for High?]Consequence Systems 278 7.6 Chapter Summary 279 7.7 Exercises 280 References 280 8. Reliability Engineering for Services 282 8.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 282 8.2 Introduction 282 8.3 Service Functional Decomposition 285 8.4 Service Failure Modes and Failure Mechanisms 286 8.5 Service Reliability Requirements 294 8.6 Service?]Level Agreements 296 8.7 SDI Reliability Requirements 297 8.8 Design for Reliability Techniques for Services 298 8.9 Current Best Practices in Service Reliability Engineering 299 8.10 Chapter Summary 300 8.11 Exercises 301 References 302 9. Reliability Engineering for the Software Component of Systems and Services 303 9.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 303 9.2 Introduction 304 9.3 Reliability Requirements for the Software Component of Systems and Services 305 9.4 Reliability Modeling for Software 310 9.5 Software Failure Modes and Failure Mechanisms 312 9.6 Design for Reliability in Software 315 9.7 Current Best Practices in Reliability Engineering for Software 318 9.8 Chapter Summary 319 9.9 Exercises 320 References 320 Part II Maintainability Engineering 10. Maintainability Requirements 325 10.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 325 10.2 Maintainability for Systems Engineers 326 10.3 Maintainability Effectiveness Criteria and Figures of Merit 337 10.4 Examples of Maintainability Requirements 340 10.5 Maintainability Modeling 342 10.6 Interpreting and Verifying Maintainability Requirements 344 10.7 Maintainability Engineering for High?]Consequence Systems 349 10.8 Current Best Practices in Maintainability Requirements Development 351 10.9 Chapter Summary 353 10.10 Exercises 354 References 355 11. Design for Maintainability 356 11.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 356 11.2 System or Service Maintenance Concept 356 11.3 Maintainability Assessment 358 11.4 Design for Maintainability Techniques 362 11.5 Current Best Practices in Design for Maintainability 372 11.6 Chapter Summary 374 11.7 Exercises 374 References 374 Part III Supportability Engineering 12. Support Requirements 379 12.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 379 12.2 Supportability for Systems Engineers 380 12.3 System or Service Support Concept 383 12.4 Support Effectiveness Criteria and Figures of Merit 384 12.5 Examples of Support Requirements 387 12.6 Interpreting and Verifying Support Requirements 389 12.7 Supportability Engineering for High-Consequence Systems 391 12.8 Current Best Practices in Support Requirements Development 391 12.9 Chapter Summary 394 12.10 Exercises 395 References 395 13. Design for Supportability 396 13.1 What to Expect from this Chapter 396 13.2 Supportability Assessment 397 13.3 Implementation of Factors Promoting Supportability 401 13.4 Quantitative Design for Supportability Techniques 406 13.5 Current Best Practices in Design for Supportability 414 13.6 Chapter Summary 416 13.7 Exercises 416 References 417 Index 419