
The Disappearance of the Soul and the Turn against Metaphysics
Austrian Philosophy 1874-1918
Mark Textor(Author)
Oxford University Press
Published on 17. September 2021
Book
Hardback
404 pages
978-0-19-876982-8 (ISBN)
Description
In the twentieth century English-language philosophy came to be science- and logic-oriented, and was suspicious of metaphysics. The Disappearance of the Soul and the Turn against Metaphysics traces our present philosophical outlook back to debates in Austro-German philosophy about the relation between empirical science and metaphysics: does empirical psychology depend on the metaphysics of the soul, the mental substance? The negative answer - that there is 'a psychology without a soul' - shaped Austrian philosophy and provided a model for ontologies that dispense with substances. Mark Textor tells the story of how and why (Austrian) philosophy turned against metaphysics . He introduces the key thinkers of the time, including the 'fathers of Austrian philosophy' Franz Brentano and Ernst Mach, whose Intentionalism (Brentano) and Neutral Monism (Mach) became distinctive and influential positions in the philosophy of mind. Textor goes on to use the 'psychology without a soul' view as a vantage point from which to reconstruct and assess the immediate pre-history and formation of analytic philosophy (Ward, Stout, Moore, Russell). While Austrian philosophers retired the soul, early analytic philosophers were happy to introduce a successor, the subject, and conceive of the mental as constituted by subject-object relations. The final part of the book returns to the theme of anti-metaphysics from a different perspective. In this part the early Moritz Schlick, who would soon become the leading figure of the Vienna Circle, takes centre stage. The final part of the book reconstructs Schlick's arguments for the conclusion that metaphysics lies beyond the limits of knowledge that are rooted in the philosophy of mind discussed in previous parts.
Reviews / Votes
Mark Textor has written a fascinating book about the vanishing of a classical concept in philosophy:the soul...defnitely worth reading. * Maria de Paz, Metascience * The book is easily accessible to non-specialists and also has a lot to offer to specialists. It is clearly and engagingly written. Textor writes with acuity, efficiency, and flair. He does a wonderful job presenting a large body of diverse and compli-cated material accurately and concisely. He brings a variety of thinkers into play in his study, putting the discussion on a broad footing. The book stands out for its extensive discussion of a wide range of prominent figures in the period. Textor's study is a valuable contribution to the literature and will surely succeed in stimulat-ing more discussion of this period of Austrian Philosophy. There is much to learn from this rich and informative book. It is to be recommended without reservation to every student of Austrian philosophy. * Josef Hlade, Vienna Circle Yearbook * This is a very impressive book, indeed. It impresses with the huge variety of topics dealt within it; it impresses with the abundance of details disclosed to each of these topics; it impresses with the huge quantity of persons introduced as "players" in the overarching story. However admirably the author masters all this, it is almost unavoidable for readers to lose track of that story. The author, however, helps readers by providing valuable introductions, previews, summaries etc. Moreover, for the multitude of philosophers and psychologists mentioned in the book - many of whom are little-known even to experts - the author puts at the very beginning of the book a list of all players who appear in the course of the book. All in all, the author does an excellent job in clarifying who these players were and what they had to say. * E.Morscher, Archive fuer Geschichte der Philosophie * The Disappearance of the Soul and the Turn against Metaphysics is a learned, demanding and profound book that closes a number of research gaps in the Secondary literature on 19th and 20th century philosophy. Textor manages to show that and how the following debates are connected: the controversy about self and soul in psychology, the Debate about the distinction between mental and physical phenomena, the dispute about whether judgements are one or two-termed and the argument about intuitions. [...] Textor's book will without a doubt be a mandatory reading for the next decades in history of philosophy and psychology between 1860 and 1930. * M. Kusch, Deutsche Zeitschrift fuer Philosophie 2023/71 *More details
Series
Edition
1
Language
English
Place of publication
Oxford
United Kingdom
Target group
Professional and scholarly
Product notice
sewn/stitched
Cloth over boards
Dimensions
Height: 237 mm
Width: 158 mm
Thickness: 29 mm
Weight
720 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-19-876982-8 (9780198769828)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
Additional editions

Mark Textor
The Disappearance of the Soul and the Turn against Metaphysics
Austrian Philosophy 1874-1918
E-Book
09/2021
1st Edition
OUP eBook
€18.99
Available for download

Mark Textor
The Disappearance of the Soul and the Turn against Metaphysics
Austrian Philosophy 1874-1918
E-Book
09/2021
1st Edition
OUP eBook
€18.99
Available for download
Person
Mark Textor is Professor of Philosophy at King's College London. He previously taught in Bern, Hamburg, Munich, and Zurich. His main areas of research are history of analytic philosophy (especially Frege), philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind both from a historical (Brentano, Stumpf) and a systematic perspective.
Content
Acknowledgements
The Players
Introduction
Part I: The Evaporation of the Soul- and other Substances
1: Psychology, the Science of the Soul
2: 'Psychology without a Soul'
3: From Substance and Accident to Complex and Element
Part II: Managing without the Soul: Intentionality, Dualism, and Neutral Monism
4: The Mental and the Physical, Only A Matter of Perspective?
5: The Mental and the Physical, an Intrinsic Distinction
6: The Intentionality Challenge
Part III: From Psychology without a Soul to Psychology with a Self and Beyond: The Anglo-Austro-German Axis 1886-1921
Introduction to Part III: 'Shocked and Disappointed'
7: Cambridge Psychology between Lotze and Brentano
8: The Rise and Fall of the Subject: A Case Study
9: Act/Content/Object, Act/Object, or Just Object?
Part IV: Intuition, Metaphysics and the Limits of Knowledge
Introduction to Part IV
10: Brentano's One-Term View of Judgement
11: Judgement in the Service of the Will - Voluntaristic Conceptions of Judgement
12: The Nature of Knowledge: Avenarius and Schlick
13: Drawing the Limits of Knowledge
14: Beyond the Limits of Knowledge
The Players
Introduction
Part I: The Evaporation of the Soul- and other Substances
1: Psychology, the Science of the Soul
2: 'Psychology without a Soul'
3: From Substance and Accident to Complex and Element
Part II: Managing without the Soul: Intentionality, Dualism, and Neutral Monism
4: The Mental and the Physical, Only A Matter of Perspective?
5: The Mental and the Physical, an Intrinsic Distinction
6: The Intentionality Challenge
Part III: From Psychology without a Soul to Psychology with a Self and Beyond: The Anglo-Austro-German Axis 1886-1921
Introduction to Part III: 'Shocked and Disappointed'
7: Cambridge Psychology between Lotze and Brentano
8: The Rise and Fall of the Subject: A Case Study
9: Act/Content/Object, Act/Object, or Just Object?
Part IV: Intuition, Metaphysics and the Limits of Knowledge
Introduction to Part IV
10: Brentano's One-Term View of Judgement
11: Judgement in the Service of the Will - Voluntaristic Conceptions of Judgement
12: The Nature of Knowledge: Avenarius and Schlick
13: Drawing the Limits of Knowledge
14: Beyond the Limits of Knowledge