Basic Guide to SuperVision and Instructional Leadership, The

I. INTRODUCTION

1. SuperVision for Successful Schools

SuperVision: A New Name for a New Paradigm.
Supervisory Glue as a Metaphor for Success.
Organization of This Book.
Supervision and Moral Purpose.

References

II. KNOWLEDGE

2. The Norm: Why Schools Are as They Are

The Work Environment or Culture of Schools.
The Legacy of the One-Room Schoolhouse.
Blaming the Victim and Structural Strain.

Viewing School Culture in the Context of the Larger Culture.
References

3. The Exception: What Schools Can Be

Background to School Effectiveness Studies.
Early Effective Schools Research.
The Second Wave of Effective Schools Research.
Context Studies in Effective Schools Research.
Has Effective Schools Research Outlived Its Usefulness?
The Legacy of Effective Schools Research.
From Effective Schools to School Improvement.
A Cause Beyond Oneself.

Connecting School Improvement to the Local Community and Larger Society.

What to Do with Successful Schools Research: Some Propositions.

References

4. Adult and Teacher Development within the Context of the School: Clues for Supervisory Practice

Adults as Learners.
Adult and Teacher Development.
References

5. Reflections on Schools, Teaching, and Supervision.

Effective and Good Schools: The Same?
Instructional Improvement and Effective Teaching.
Beliefs about Education.
Supervision Beliefs.
Supervisory Platform as Related to Educational Philosophy.
Checking Your Own Educational Philosophy and Supervisory Beliefs.
What Does Your Belief Mean in Terms of Supervisor and Teacher Responsibility?
References

III. INTERPERSONAL SKILLS

6. Supervisory Behavior Continuum: Know Thyself

Outcomes of Conference.
Valid Assessment of Self.
Johari Window.
Cognitive Dissonance.

Comparing Self-Perceptions with Other Perceptions.
Comparing Self-Perceptions to Recorded Behaviors

References

7. Directive Control Behaviors

Directive Continum of Behaviors.
A History of Overreliance on Control.
When to Use Directive Control Behaviors.
Moving from Directive Control toward Directive Informational Behaviors.

References

8. Directive Informational Behaviors

Directive Continum of Behaviors.

Comparing Directive Control and Directive Informational Statements.
When to Use Directive Informational Behaviors.
Moving from Directive Informational toward Collaborative Behaviors.

Critical Reflection on Directive Informational Supervision

9. Collaborative Behaviors

Collaborative Continum of Behaviors.
Issues in Collaborative Supervision.
When to Use Collaborative Behaviors.
Moving from Collaborative toward Nondirective Behaviors.
Critical Reflection on Collaborative Supervision

10. Nondirective Behaviors

Nondirective Continum of Behaviors.
Initiating Nondirective Supervision.
Nondirective, Not Laissez Faire, Supervision.
Issues with Nondirective Supervision.
When to Use Nondirective Behaviors.
Critical Reflection on Nondirective Supervision

References

11. Developmental Supervision: Theory and Practice

Rationale for Developmental Supervision.
Applying Developmental Supervision.
Not Algorithms, But Guideposts for Decisions.

Scenario and Discussion: Inappropriate Use of Interpersonal Behaviors?

References

IV. TECHNICAL SKILLS

12. Assessing and Planning Skills

Assessing Time.
Changing Time Allocations: Planning.
Assessing and Planning within the Organization.
Ways of Assessing Needs.
Analyzing Organizational Needs.
Planning.
References

13. Observing Skills.

Formative Observation Instruments Are Not Summative Evaluation Instruments.
Ways of Describing.
Quantitative Observations.
Qualitative Observations.
Tailored Observation Systems.
Types and Purposes of Observations.
Cautions Concerning Observations

References

14. Research and Evaluation Skills

Judgments
Key Decisions in the Program Evaluation Process
Overall Instructional Program Evaluation.
Other Considerations for Evaluation
Teacher Evaluation

References

V. TECHNICAL TASKS OF SUPERVISION

15. Direct Assistance to Teachers

Clinical Supervision.
Comparing Clinical Supervision with Teacher Evaluation.
Integrating Clinical Supervision and Developmental Supervision.
Peer Coaching.
References

16. Group Development

Dimensions of an Effective Group.
Group Member Roles.
Dealing with Dysfunctional Members.
Resolving Conflict.
Preparing for Group Meetings.
References

17. Professional Development

Characteristics of Successful Professional Development Programs.
Integrating Schoolwide, Group, and Individual Professional Development.
Alternative Professional Development Formats.
Examples of Effective Professional Development Programs.
Stages of Professional Development.
The Nuts and Bolts.
Extending the Concept of Professional Development

Evaluating Professional Development Programs

Teachers as Objects or Agents in Professional Development.

References

18. Curriculum Development

Sources of Curriculum Development.
Legislated Learning

Curriculum Development as a Vehicle for Enhancing Collective Thinking About Instruction.
What Should Be the Purpose of the Curriculum?
What Should Be the Content of the Curriculum?
How Should the Curriculum Be Organized?
In What Format Should the Curriculum Be Written?
Curriculum Format as Reflective of Choice Given to Teachers.
Relationship of Curriculum Purpose, Content, Organization, and Format.
Levels of Teacher Involvement in Curriculum Development.
Integrating Curriculum Format with Developers and Levels of Development.
Matching Curriculum Development with Teacher Development.

The Curriculum and Cultural Diversity

References

19. Action Research: The School as the Center of Inquiry

How Is Action Research Conducted?
A Developmental Approach to Action Research.
Action Research: Vehicle for a Cause beyond Oneself.
Examples of Action Research.
Expanding Boundaries: Alternative Approaches to Action Research

Shared Governance for Action Research.

Suggestions for Assisting Action Research.
Conclusion: Focus, Structure, and Time for Development.

References

VI. Cultural Tasks of Supervision

20. Facilitating Change

Education Change Theory

Change at the Individual Level

Changing the Conditions of Teaching

References

21. Addressing Diversity

Achievement Gaps Among Economic, Racial, and Ethnic Groups

A Societal or a School Problem?

Cultural Clashes

Culturally Responsive Teaching

Culturally Responsive Schools

Gender Equity

Equity for Sexual Minorities

Overarching Patterns

Connecting the Technical Tasks of Supervision to Cultural Responsiveness

References

22. Building Community

Democratic Community

Moral Community

Professional Learning Community

Community of Inquiry

Engagement with the Larger Community

Five Attributes, One Community

Conclusion

References

Appendix A: Review of Interpersonal Behavior in Four Supervisory Approaches.
Name Index

Subject Index